Editing Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (BrianJ add-on)

== Overview ==
The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is the first mission in NASA's planned return to the moon. LRO will launch 2nd March, 2009, with the objectives to finding safe landing sites, locate potential resources, characterize the radiation environment and test new technology.

The return to the moon will enable the pursuit of scientific activities that address our fundamental questions about the history of Earth, the solar system and the universe -- and about our place in them. It will allow us to test technologies, systems, flight operation and exploration techniques to reduce the risk and increase the productivity of future missions to Mars and beyond. It will also expand Earth's economic sphere to conduct lunar activities with benefits to life on our home planet.

LRO is an unmanned mission to create the comprehensive atlas of the moon's features and resources necessary to design and build a lunar outpost. LRO focuses on the selection of safe landing sites, identification of lunar resources and the study of how lunar radiation will affect humans.

After launch, the LCROSS shepherding spacecraft and the Atlas V’s Centaur upper stage rocket will execute a fly-by of the moon and enter into an elongated Earth orbit to position LCROSS for impact on a lunar pole. On final approach, the shepherding spacecraft and Centaur will separate. The Centaur will act as a heavy impactor to create a debris plume that will rise above the lunar surface. Following four minutes behind, the shepherding spacecraft will fly through the debris plume, collecting and relaying data back to Earth before impacting the lunar surface and creating a second debris plume.

The debris plumes are expected to be visible from Earth- and space-based telescopes 10-to-12 inches and larger.

This is a difficult and challenging mission. Experienced orbinauts will enjoy the challenge of targeting the LCROSS to impact the North Pole of the moon, when the LRO spacecraft is overhead. This mission is not recommended for people recently starting to use Orbiter. Familiarity with setting up gravity assist maneuvers in TransX is a '''required''' skill.
=== Mission Objectives ===

==== LRO ====
The objective of the LRO mission is to map the lunar surface in preparation for the return of human missions to the moon, which are planned to occur by 2020.

==== LCROSS ====
Earth’s closest neighbor is holding a secret. In 1999, hints of that secret were revealed in the form of concentrated hydrogen signatures detected in permanently shadowed craters at the lunar poles by NASA’s Lunar Prospector. These readings may be an indication of lunar water and could have far-reaching implications as humans expand exploration past low-Earth orbit. The Lunar CRater Observing and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) mission is seeking a definitive answer.

=== required add-ons ===
* [http://orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=2601 Atlas V heavy] V2 by Kev33
* [http://koti.mbnet.fi/jarmonik/Orbiter.html IMFD 5.1m]

=== optional add-ons ===

* [http://orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=3165 Attitude MFD] 
* [http://www.orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=2989 Telescope MFD]
* [http://orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=3434 Level 9 Lunar Texture] or [http://library.avsim.net/download.php?DLID=99407 Moon3d by BrianJ]

== Procedures ==
Accuracy of burns in this mission is '''CRITICAL'''. 
During this mission, especially after the TLI burn, we will be using the tools TransX or IMFD to get the '''DIRECTION''' of our burns, and using IMFD map to monitor in real time the '''MAGNITUDE''' of the DeltaV we are imparting. For this mission, usually the AUTOBURN button is '''NOT''' your friend.

You may wish to edit your config/Moon.cfg file and change the LAN line to
 LAN = 2.2483                     ; ascending node of equator - CHECK!
This will ensure a more accurate simulation.  
=== Launch ===

Fire up the '''01 - AV020 LRO launch''' scenario in the LRO scenarios folder
This is a night launch so visibility is poor until after the TLI burn. 
The scenario starts at UTC 03/02/2009 05:25:00.
Launch time is UTC 05:26:27.
The default camera view is Ground Observer. You have just over a minute to set up the camera to your personal preference.

 <nowiki>At UTC 05:26:17 press the</nowiki> '''p''' <nowiki>key to start the launch countdown and 1st stage auto-pilot.</nowiki>

At T-5 seconds, engine ignition will happen, and the hold down clamps release at T-0.
The Atlas V-401 1st stage autopilot will continue until 1st stage seperation.It can be disengaged by Pressing '''p''' again, but this is not recommended.

 <nowiki>10 seconds after 1st stage separation, press the</nowiki> '''p''' <nowiki>key again.</nowiki>

This will ignite the 2nd stage Centaur engine, and engage the 2nd stage autopilot which will put the vehicle in a circular 185km parking orbit. Pressing '''p''' again will disengage the 2nd stage autopilot.  

Shortly after 2nd stage ignition, the fairing will be automatically jettisoned, and the LRO/LCROSS spacecraft will be exposed.

=== TLI ===

After SECO, while established in the 185km parking orbit, set the Left MFD to IMFD. 

 Also, click the '''HUD''' button in the right ''orbit'' MFD so that your HUD is set to orbit reference Earth

==== IMFD Configuration set-up ====

 <nowiki>Click </nowiki>'''MNU''', then '''Configuration'''. 
 Click '''Nxt''', then '''+''' to change the Mission timer to MJD mode. 
 Click '''Nxt''' ten times to hightlight ''Parking Orbit Alt''. 
 Click '''Set''', and set this to '''185k'''

==== Establishing the TLI burn ====

 Click '''MNU''', then '''Course'''.
 ''Target Intercept'' should be highlighted. If not, click '''Nxt''' until it is.
 Click '''Set'''
 Click '''Tgt''' and enter '''Moon'''
 Click '''Nxt''' so that the ''Tej'' parameter is highlighbted.
 Click + or - repeately until the ''dV'' parameter reaches a minimum. This should be about ''3.13k''
 Click '''Pg''', then '''BV''', then '''AB'''

Sit back and wait for the burn. You may wish to use time acceleration to get close to the burn time, but set it back to 1x acceleration once you get close.

''Note for Brian: It may be possible to use an offset in IMFD to target a polar orbit in the TLI. I think AMSO does something like this. It might be worth checking out, but it may make the LCROSS targeting harder. ''

 When the TLI burn is complete, click on the '''BV''' button to restore the main IMFD Course target intercept screen

'''Do not jettison LRO yet'''

=== Lunar targeting/LRO ===

When you reach 32M altitude above the Earth, the Centaur engine will automatically purge of all fuel and control switches over to the LCROSS propulsion system. You may initate the engine purge manually by pressing '''B'''. It is '''critical''' that you get your targeting done for both LRO and LCROSS before this time, as once that happens, your deltaV budget is severely limited.

At about 21M altitude above the earth, select TransX in the Right MFD.

 Click on the '''--''' button until the target is ''Moon''
 Click '''VW''' once so the View is ''Manoevre''

Select TransX also in the Left MFD.

 In the Left MFD click '''FWD''', then '''VW''', so that the view is 'Encounter'
 In the Right MFD click '''++''' so Manoevre mode is ''On''
 Click '''VAR''' 5 times so that ''Ch. Plane vel.'' is displayed
 Click '''ADJ''' so that ''Medium'' adjustment mode is entered.
 Click '''--''' until the ''Min Alt.'' parameter in the Left MFD is over 216k

Our goal here is to end up with an ''Inclination'' parameter in the left MFD as close as possible to 90 degrees, and the ''Min Alt.''  parameter as close as possible to 216k.

 In the Right MFD click '''VAR''' 3 times so that ''Prograde Vel'' is selected.
 Click on '''ADJ''' 3 times  for ''Super'' adjustment mode.
 Click on '''++''' or '''--''' until ''Min Alt.'' is close to 216k and ''Inclination'' is close to 90 degrees in the Left MFD.

Keep repeating these adjustments, using finer adjustment modes until you get as close as possible to the required parameters. Work quickly though, as the orbital debris is getting closer and we still have to target the LCROSS spacecraft.

 In the Right MFD click '''VW''' to get ''Target view''
 Use rotation mode to get the cross as close as possible to the center of the target. 
 '''Do NOT make the burn yet'''

Use the planetarium view '''F9''' key to make sure you are pointed in a generally northerly direction (towards Polaris + or - 30 degrees or so)
If you are pointed in a southerly direction, the transx targeting will have to be re-done using '''++''' Ch. plane vel. instead of '''--'''

Set the Left MFD to IMFD.

 Press the '''MNU''' button and select Map mode.
 Press the '''TGT''' button and enter '''Moon'''
 Press the '''Sel''' button until ''Ref Moon'' is displayed.

Watch the PeA parameter as you make a low dV burn with the Centaur engine '''Ctrl-numpad +''' When the Pea gets to +216k, STOP the burn with the
'''numpad *''' key. As it gets close you may with to use translation mode and the '''numpad-6''' key. There is no reverse translation. Don't overshoot by very much, if at all. Some dV will be added by LRO jettison which we will have to correct later. 

 Press the '''j''' key to jettison LRO.

 On the Right MFD click '''VW''' twice to get back to ''Maneuver view''
 Click '''VAR''' until Maneuver Mode is displayed.
 Click '''++''' to turn Maneuver mode ''Off''

=== Lunar targeting/LCROSS ===

* Swingby of moon is passive (no thrusting)
* 81 days in post-swingby cruise orbit
* Current baseline is 3-month trajectory with south pole impact
* Two revolutions in high ecliptic inclination (~50 deg), 40-day period Earth orbit
         
 

After the LRO is jettisoned, swing the Centaur around 180 degrees. Use the finely graduated scale on the hud, or Attitude MFD 
to do this. When the Centaur is pointed 180 degrees from where it was when you made the LRO targeting burn, make another small burn, again watching
IMFD map so that the final PeA is about 2M on the opposite side of the moon. Select IMFD on the right MFD

 Click '''MNU''', then '''Course'''. Click '''NXT''' 4 times so that ''Delta Velocity'' is highlighted. Click '''Set'''.
 Click on '''TGT''' and enter '''Moon''' as the target. Click '''Nxt''' 5 times so that ''dVf'' is highlighted. 
 Click '''Set''' and enter '''0'''.

 In the Left MFD click '''PG''' then '''Plan'''. The green line of our orbit should turn blue. 
 In the Right MFD click '''+''' repeatedly. The ''RIn'' parameter in the Left MFD should increase. If not, Click '''-''' until it does.
 Also watch the ''PeA'' parameter. Do not let it go negative. 

 When ''PeA'' gets too low, click '''Nxt''' on the Right MFD so that ''dVp'' is highlighted. 
 Click '''-''' until ''PeA'' in the Left MFD is back to around 2M. Setting '''Adj''' to 10x may be necessary, but return it to 1x when finished. 

Keep repeating these adjustments until ''Rin'' is close to 90 degrees and ''PeA'' is close to 2M. This is just a ball bark "rough in" to make our transx tageting easier. The numbers do not have to be exact. '''Work quickly''' though. Liberal use of the '''Pause''' function is encouraged. 

 In the Right MFD, click '''Pg''', then '''BV'''.

Use rotation mode to align the cross in the center of the target and then select translation mode and use '''CTRL-numpad +''' to burn until ''BT'' is close to ''0''. AutoBurn is not recommended.

 Once this is done, in the Left MFD click '''PG''', then '''Plan''', so the orbit line turns green again. 

Select Transx in both MFD's.Select moon as the target in the right MFD, as in the LRO targeting. 

 Click the '''FWD''' button for stage 2, make sure the view is ''Setup'' and select the target as ''Escape''.
 Click the '''FWD''' button again for stage 3, and select the target as ''Moon''
 Click the '''VW''' button for Sling Direct view.
 On the Left MFD, click the '''FWD''' button for stage 2, if not already there. 
 Click the '''VW''' button for slingshot view, if not already there.

There will be a green line extending from the center of the moon to hopefully past the edge. This is an edge-on view of our current approach to the moon.
We need to fine tune this approach to give us a lunar gravity assist which will result in a highly inclined orbit around the earth with a period of 40 days

 On the Right MFD, click the '''VAR''' button twice to bring up the ''Inc. angle'' parameter
 Click on '''--''' several times until the dotted yellow orbit is about the same size as the solid green line. 
 It does not have to be superimposed in the same place, but of a similar diameter.

On the Left MFD the dotted yellow line should be on the same side (more or less) of the moon as the green line. If it is on the opposite side,
click on the '''++''' button until it is on the same side.

 On the Right MFD, click on '''VAR''' four times until the ''outward angle'' parameter is shown.
 Adjust this parameter, and the Inc. angle parameter until the dotted line is superimposed on the solid green line in the slingshot view.

This is our current trajectory. Now we need to adjust the trajectory to impact the moon in 2 orbits with a 40 day period.

 On the Right MFD, click '''VW''' so that the setup view is shown
 Click '''VAR''' 3 times so that ''Orbits to Icept'' is shown
 Click '''++''' 4 times so that the ''Orbits to Icept'' parameter is 2.0

Now we must figure out what our ''Enc. MJD'' should be. Take the current MJD and add 85 to it. (5 days to reach the moon, then 2 orbits of 40 days each.) For the Feb 28 (UTC) launch this would be 54890 + 85 = 54975. This is the ''Enc. MJD'' we will be shooting for.

 Click '''VW''' again in the right MFD to get back to ''sling direct'' view.
 Adjust the Inc Angle to get as close as possible to the desired MJD.
 Click '''VAR''' so that ''Outward angle'' is displayed. 
 Click '''ADJ''' twice so that the increment is ''Fine'' 
 Adjust ''Outward angle'' to get the Cl. App. as close as possible. 

My current solution is Inc Angle of -115.18 degrees and Outward angle of -47.54. Enc MJD is 54978.5013, and Cl. App is 1.747M<br>
Your Mileage may vary.

 Once a solution has been reached, click '''BCK''' twice on the Right MFD. The View should be ''Maneuver'' and Maneuver mode should
 be ''off''. Click '''++''' to turn Maneuver mode ''on''
 Adjust Prograde Vel. and Ch. Plane vel. until the dotted yellow line on the Left MFD lines up with the solid green line. 
 R. Inc should be as close as possible to 0, and Pe Ratio should be as close as possible to 1.000.
 Once this is done, click '''VW''' in the right MFD to get to ''target view''.
 Use rotational thrusters to get the cross in the middle of the target and burn until ''Rel.V'' is as close to 0 as possible.
 Click '''VW''' twice to get to maneuver view, Click '''VAR''' to get to ''Maneuver mode'' and turn it off.
 Look at the Left MFD to see how you did. Additional corrections may be done as you get closer to the moon.

=== Mid course correction/LRO ===

Switch focus back to LRO.

 Press the '''k''' key to deploy the LRO solar panels
 Once the panels have fully unfolded, and rotated to face the sun,
 press the '''g''' key to deploy the antenna

 In the Left MFD select IMFD, click on MNU and select Map.
 Make sure TgT is Moon, and click Sel until Ref is Moon.

Wait until PeT is about 350k<br>
Select IMFD in the Right MFD

 Click on '''MNU''', then '''Course'''. Click '''Nxt''' 4 times until ''Delta Velocity'' is highlighted, then click '''Set'''.
 Click '''Nxt''' 5 times until ''dVf'' is highlighted, click '''Set''' and enter '''0'''.
 Click on '''TgT''' and enter '''Moon'''.
 In the Left MFD, click '''Pg''', then '''Plan''' so that the green line turns blue.
 In the right MFD adjust '''dVp''' and '''dVf''' so that ''RIn'' and ''PeA'' in the left MFD are as close as possible to 90 degrees and 216k respectively
 When these adjustments are finished, click '''PG''','''BV''', then '''AB''' in the right MFD. 
 When the burn completes, click '''Plan''' in the left MFD so the blue line returns to green.

Repeat these adjustments as necessary as you get closer to the moon.

=== Course correction/LCROSS ===
Switch focus to AV020 Centaur. Select TranxX in both left and right MFDs

 In the right MFD, click '''++''' to turn Maneuvre mode ''On''.
 Adjust ''Prograde vel'' and ''Ch. plane vel'' so that on the Left MFD ''R. Inc'' is as close as possible to 0,
 and ''Pe Ratio'' is as close as possible to 1.0
 Click '''VW''' on the right MFD for ''Target view''. Use rotational thrusters to get the cross as close to the
 center of the target as possible. Press '''M''' to enable the dummy main engine, and use the '''numpad-+''' key to
 burn the engine. Reduce the ''Rel V'' to as close to 0 as possible. 

 As an alternative to using the dummy main engine, after the Centaur is targeted with rotational thrusters, you can 
 rotate the Centaur 180 degrees and use the LCROSS main engine '''numpad--''' (minus) This will provide you with graphics
 of the engine firing in external view. ('''F1''')

Repeat these adjustments as necessary as you get closer to the moon.

=== orbit insertion/LRO ===

The LRO main engine is not strong enough to get it into a circular orbit in one try. It will take 4 burns over 12 orbits to achieve the initial 216km x 30km commissioning orbit, with periselene over the South Pole. The first burn is critical in that we must avoid a situation where we are "weakly captured" or not captured at all. The orbit eccentricity at the end of our first burn must be 0.8 or less. 

When LRO's PeT is about 10k, select IMFD in the left MFD, and Orbit MFD in the right. 
 Click on the '''HUD''' button on the right MFD. In the left MFD click '''MNU''', then '''Orbital'''.
 Click '''TgT''', then type '''r'''.
Note that The burn time to a circular orbit is over 4k seconds (over an hour!). Make sure rotational mode is selected.
 At 2k seconds to PeT, select Retrograde mode on the hud. When retrograde attitude is established, de-select retrograde mode.
 Start the engine by pressing '''numpad-+''' and tap the '''CTRL''' key to keep it burning.
Notice that the PeA in the right MFD is decreasing. 
 Use the numpad '''1''' and '''3''' keys to move the attitude closer to what the Orbital IMFD mode thinks it should be until
 the PeA starts increasing. 
Keep adjusting the attitude between these points to keep the PeA as close as possible to 216km. 
 When the ApA. parameter in the Right MFD is 3160km, press the '''numpad-*''' key to stop the burn.
 The LRO then completes 4 orbits at 3160km x 216km before the next burn,
 you can switch focus to AV020Centaur and enjoy the view as it passes by the moon.
 
After the flyby, switch back to LRO and after 4 orbits, wait until PeT
is 800k. Press the retrograde button, and de-select it when retrograde attitude is achieved. 
 Follow the procedure above to make the second burn,
 keeping PeA as close as possible to 216km, and burn until ApA is 967km.

After another 5 complete orbits at 216km x 967km, make a third burn to circularize your orbit at 216km.

Make a final burn on your next pass over the North Pole to reduce your PeA to 30km near the South Pole.

This is the "frozen" lunar orbit at 216km x 30km, periselene over the South Pole, for the 60-day commissioning phase.

=== LCROSS orbit correction 1 ===
Switch focus back to AV020Centaur and wait until the orbit is farthest from the moon. '''WARNING''' Using High values of time acceleration may cause problems for the LRO orbit. It can even kick it out of lunar orbit. It is best to be patient, and check on LRO's orbit once in a while. If it's orbit
changes significantly due to time acceleration, fix it with scenario editor. It is now necessary to tune IMFD map for maximum accuracy.
 Select IMFD in the left MFD. Click '''MNU''', then '''Map'''. Click '''TgT''' and type '''Moon''', Click '''Cnt''', and type '''Earth'''.
 Click '''MOD''' 3 times. This should give you the Map-config screen. ''Legs/Frame'' should be highlighted. Click '''Set''' and type '''64'''.
 Click '''Nxt''', then '''-''' twice. Click '''Nxt twice again, so that ''Period limit'' is highlighted, and click '''+''' to turn it off.
 Click '''Nxt''' and '''+''' to turn ''Hyper limit'' off. Click '''Nxt''' twice and then '''+''' so that ''Tgt weak Pe'' is set to No.
 Click '''Nxt''' and '''+''' to turn ''One Pe/Ref'' off. Click '''Mod''' again to return to the map display. 
Several orbits should now be shown. Select IMFD in the Right MFD.
 In the right MFD click '''MNU''', then '''Course'''. Select ''Delta Velocity'' mode, then set the target to Moon. Set the ''dVf'' parameter to 0.
 In the left MFD click '''PG''', then '''Plan'''. in the right MFD, adjust '''dVf''' to get the most deflection of the orbit you can when 
 LCROSS intersects the moon in 1.5 orbits. When this is done, click on '''Pg''', then '''BV''', then '''AB'''.
 When the burn is finished, click '''Plan''' in the left MFD to turn the orbit line green again.
==== Alternate procedure ====
Select transx in the right MFD.
 In the right MFD, select target moon and 1.5 orbits to intercept. Change the view to Maneuver, and select Maneuver mode.
 Adjust '''prograde vel''', and '''Ch. Pl vel''' for the minimum closest approach. 
 Select target view and use rotational mode to align the cross with the target. 
 Start the burn and watch the orbit in Map MFD mode in the left MFD. When maximum orbit deflection is reached at the moon intercept point
 after 1.5 orbits, stop the burn.

=== LCROSS final moon targeting ===
Go around one more orbit of the earth. When we are again at the farthest point in our orbit from the lunar intercept, set IMFD map in the left MFD
and IMFD course in the right MFD.
 In the right MFD set ''target intercept'' mode. Set target to '''Moon'''.
 Adjust the TIn MJD and then TIn parameters for minimum Enroute dV. Change ''Target intercept'' mode to ''Delta Velocity'' mode.
 Click '''Nxt''' 4 times to highlight ''Get Burn'', and click '''+'''.
 In the left MFD click '''Sel''' until ref is ''Moon'' and ''PeA'' is the lowest value. Click '''Pg''', then '''Plan'''.
 In the right MFD adjust the highest value of ''dVf'', ''dVp'', or ''dVo'' to minimise ''PeA'' in the left MFD.
 As the orbit changes, the PeA number may change, so you may have to return to the proper one with the '''Sel''' button once in a while
 Adjust the next highest value of ''dVf'', ''dVp'', or ''dVo'', and finally adjust remaining value. 
 When these adjustments are done, click '''Pg''', '''BV''', and '''AB'''.
Note the PeT in the left MFD. We need to make another burn when we are halfway from here to the noon so that we will impact the moon.
This will be at about 850k PeT. Repeat the above procedure until PeA is at least -1M, and hopefully as low as you can get it.

=== LRO Orbit Circularization ===
60 days after your last LRO orbit insertion burn,
switch focus to LRO, and at Perilune over the south pole, burn retrograde until the ApA is 50km.

=== LCROSS pole targetinjg ===
Switch focus back to AV020Centaur. When the PeT is 345k Set IMFD map in the left MFD and IMFD Base approach in the right MFD.
 In the left MFD set target Moon and center to Self ('''x''')
 Click on '''Sel''' until ''Ref Moon'' is displayed with a negative PeA.
 In the right MFD click '''REF''', and type '''Moon'''. 
 Click '''Nxt''' until ''Hint'' is highlighted. Click '''Set''' and type the value shown for ''PeA'' in the left MFD.
 Click '''Prv''' until ''Lat'' is highlighted. Click '''Set''' and type '''-89.9'''
 Click '''Nxt''', then '''Set''' and set the ''Alt''' to '''0'''.
 Click '''Nxt''', then '''Set''' and set the ''ReA'' (Re-enty Angle) to '''75'''
 Click '''Nxt''', then '''Set''' and set the ''Ant'' parameter to '''0'''

=== LCROSS LRO targeting ===
* ~7 hours prior to impact, LCROSS will separate from Centaur upper stage and perform a ~10-minute delay maneuver (~30 m/s)  to enable LCROSS to fly through Centaur impact plume

== External reference documents ==

[http://lcross.arc.nasa.gov/docs/astrWorkshop/Galal_Orbit_Design_Galal_Final.ppt LCROSS Astronomer Workshop]<br>
[http://lcross.arc.nasa.gov/ NASA LCROSS page]<br>
[http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/ NASA LRO page]<br>
[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/ ASU LRO Camera Page]<br>
[http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/40781/1/06-2277_A.pdf Trajectory Design of the Lunar Impactor Mission Concept]<br>
[http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/library/tooley-scobjectives-51906.pdf Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Spacecraft & Objectives]<br>
[http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/library/IAC-07-C1_7_06.pdf Mission Design And Operations Considerations For NASA’S LRO]<br>
[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20070021535_2007013516.pdf Mission Design for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]<br>

== TODO ==
*Fix procedure for actual mission parameters
** updated Launch date? - currently: 2nd March 2009 05:26:27
** LCROSS North pole impact
** Try IMFD slingshot mode to refine flyby once in lunar SOI
* Add keyboard commands section
* Convert to .CHM for help mode within orbiter
* Add images
** IMFD map periapsis projection to show LCROSS orbit inclination
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 == Overview ==
-The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is the first mission in NASA's planned return to the moon. LRO is scheduled to launch 24th April, 2009, with the objectives to finding safe landing sites, locate potential resources, characterize the radiation environment and test new technology.
+The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is the first mission in NASA's planned return to the moon. LRO will launch 2nd March, 2009, with the objectives to finding safe landing sites, locate potential resources, characterize the radiation environment and test new technology.
 The return to the moon will enable the pursuit of scientific activities that address our fundamental questions about the history of Earth, the solar system and the universe -- and about our place in them. It will allow us to test technologies, systems, flight operation and exploration techniques to reduce the risk and increase the productivity of future missions to Mars and beyond. It will also expand Earth's economic sphere to conduct lunar activities with benefits to life on our home planet.
@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 Earth’s closest neighbor is holding a secret. In 1999, hints of that secret were revealed in the form of concentrated hydrogen signatures detected in permanently shadowed craters at the lunar poles by NASA’s Lunar Prospector. These readings may be an indication of lunar water and could have far-reaching implications as humans expand exploration past low-Earth orbit. The Lunar CRater Observing and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) mission is seeking a definitive answer.
-=== Required add-ons ===
+=== required add-ons ===
-* [http://users.kymp.net/p501474a/Orbiter/Orbiter.html IMFD 4.2.2]
+* [http://orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=2601 Atlas V heavy] V2 by Kev33
-* [http://orbithangar.com/showAddon.php?id=f12093c1-4d5e-4a57-b2e2-427a205f82ee Multistage2015 for Orbiter 2010] (install the add-on and copy "Multistage2015.dll" under the "Modules" folder to "Multistage2.dll")
+* [http://koti.mbnet.fi/jarmonik/Orbiter.html IMFD 5.1m]
-=== Optional add-ons ===
+=== optional add-ons ===
 * [http://orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=3165 Attitude MFD]
-* [http://orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=3434 Level 9 Lunar Texture] or [http://www.orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=3570 Moon3d by BrianJ]
+* [http://www.orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=2989 Telescope MFD]
+* [http://orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=3434 Level 9 Lunar Texture] or [http://library.avsim.net/download.php?DLID=99407 Moon3d by BrianJ]
-== Spacecraft Specifications ==
-'''LRO'''
-*Empty Mass 809kg
-*Fuel Mass 897kg, ISP 2100Ns/kg
-*Main Engine 352N
-*RCS 20N
-'''LCROSS'''
-*Empty Mass 592kg
-*Fuel Mass 300kg, ISP 2200Ns/kg
-*Retro Engine 44N
-*RCS 4.5N
-'''AV020Centaur'''
-*Empty Mass 1914kg
-*Fuel Mass 20672kg, ISP 4200Ns/kg
-*Main Engine 99400N
-*RCS 1000N
-'''NOTE''': When AV020Centaur fuel is finished, control is automatically switched to LCROSS propulsion system.
-== Spacecraft Controls ==
-Available commands are displayed on the top-left of the vessel HUD
-'''AV020Centaur'''
-{{Key|P}} = Toggle Parking Orbit Autopilot On/Off<br>
-{{Key|J}} = Jettison LRO<br>
-{{Key|B}} = Manual Purge Centaur Fuel (automatic at 32000km alt.)<br>
-{{Key|K}} = Jettison LCROSS<br>
-{{Key|V}} = Deploy/Delete LCROSS "Bullseye" target on Moon N.Pole<br>
-{{Key|N}} = Display LRO Lunar Orbit Data<br>
-{{Key|M}} = TransX cheat! Enable 44N "ghost" Main Engine for use with TransX
-'''LRO'''
-{{Key|G}} = Deploy Antenna (automatic Earth tracking)<br>
-{{Key|K}} = Deploy Solar Panel (automatic Sun tracking)<br>
-{{Key|N}} = Activate Laser Altimeter<br>
-{{Key|V}} / {{Key|Shift}}{{Key|V}} = Rotate DLRE Azimuth<br>
-{{Key|B}} / {{Key|Shift}}{{Key|B}} = Rotate DLRE Elevation
-'''LCROSS'''
-{{Key|F8}} = View from Visual Context Imager (6 deg FOV)
-'''LC-41 (Launch Pad)'''
-{{Key|V}} = LOX Vent On/Off<br>
-{{Key|K}} = Lights Off<br>
-'''NOTE:''' LC-41 is automatically deleted when focus vessel is above 100km alt.
-== Add-on Notes and Quick Info ==
-'''NOTES'''
-''Moon Orientation''<br>
-The precession of the Moon's axis is not modelled in Orbiter. To ensure accuracy of the Moon's orientation at the time of the mission, the LRO add-on uses a custom sol.cfg and moon.cfg located in the Config/LRO/ directory. To use them, the "Environment" entry in the scenario file must point to the LRO/sol.cfg.
-e.g.
- BEGIN_ENVIRONMENT
-  '''System LRO/Sol'''
-  Date MJD 54892.2256944444
- END_ENVIRONMENT
-''Launch Date''<br>
-Although the launch is currently scheduled for 24th April 2009, the primary launch scenario provided in this add-on is the 27th April 2009 due to the mission constraints on the LAN of LRO's final Lunar orbit. The second launch scenario provided is for the 24th April 2009, should you wish to use it.
-''Transx version''<br>
-This document assumes the default Transx version supplied with Orbiter. Other versions may give different lunar intercept times.
-'''QUICK INFO'''
-''LRO''<br>
-Final Lunar orbit - 30km x 70km, 90deg inclination(Equatorial), Periselene over South Pole,<br>
-LAN = 38deg(Ecliptic) +/- 17deg(max.)
-''LCROSS/AV020Centaur''<br>
-Uses Lunar flyby to reach high-inclination Earth orbit,<br>
-Spacecraft:Moon orbit resonance 2:3 (other resonances possible)
-Impact chosen target at North Pole of Moon (targets designated by surface bases "Lcross_A" to "Lcross_E"),  impact speed ~2.5km/s, impact angle > 60deg.
-Lcross separates from AV020Centaur at impact -9hrs. Lcross impact 4mins after AV020Centaur.
-Impact should be timed to be visible by LRO passing over and by ground-based observers in Hawaii during hours of darkness.
 == Procedures ==
 Accuracy of burns in this mission is '''CRITICAL'''.
+During this mission, especially after the TLI burn, we will be using the tools TransX or IMFD to get the '''DIRECTION''' of our burns, and using IMFD map to monitor in real time the '''MAGNITUDE''' of the DeltaV we are imparting. For this mission, usually the AUTOBURN button is '''NOT''' your friend.
+You may wish to edit your config/Moon.cfg file and change the LAN line to
+ LAN = 2.2483                     ; ascending node of equator - CHECK!
+This will ensure a more accurate simulation.
 === Launch ===
-Fire up the '''01 - AV020 LRO launch 27Apr''' scenario in the LRO scenarios folder
+Fire up the '''01 - AV020 LRO launch''' scenario in the LRO scenarios folder
 This is a night launch so visibility is poor until after the TLI burn.
-The scenario starts at UTC 04/27/2009 04:09:00.
+The scenario starts at UTC 03/02/2009 05:25:00.
-Launch time is UTC 04:10:11.
+Launch time is UTC 05:26:27.
 The default camera view is Ground Observer. You have just over a minute to set up the camera to your personal preference.
-  At UTC 04:10:01 press the '''p''' key to start the launch countdown and
+  <nowiki>At UTC 05:26:17 press the</nowiki> '''p''' <nowiki>key to start the launch countdown and 1st stage auto-pilot.</nowiki>
-st stage auto-pilot.
 At T-5 seconds, engine ignition will happen, and the hold down clamps release at T-0.
@@ Line 150: / Line 60: @@
   Also, click the '''HUD''' button in the right ''orbit'' MFD so that your HUD is set to orbit reference Earth
- Click the '''Prograde''' button to engage the prograde autopilot.
 ==== IMFD Configuration set-up ====
@@ Line 165: / Line 74: @@
   Click '''Set'''
   Click '''Tgt''' and enter '''Moon'''
-  Click '''Nxt''' 6 times so that ''Off Plane'' is highlighted.
+  Click '''Nxt''' so that the ''Tej'' parameter is highlighbted.
- Click '''+''' twice to change it to ''Source Plane''.
+  Click + or - repeately until the ''dV'' parameter reaches a minimum. This should be about ''3.13k''
- Click '''Prv''' so that ''Realtime'' is higlighted.
+  Click '''Pg''', then '''BV''', then '''AB'''
- Click '''+''' to change it to ''Off-Axis''
- Click '''Prv''' twice so that ''TIn'' is highlighted.
- Click '''+''' or '''-''' repeatedly to minimize the value of ''PlC'' in the lower left section of the MFD.
- You may want to click on '''ADJ''' and set it to ''10x'' for this adjustment.
- Be sure to set it back to ''1x'' when finished.
- Click '''Prv''' twice so the ''Tej'' parameter is highlighted.
-  Click '''+''' or '''-''' repeatedly until the ''EjA'' parameter is about 3 degrees.
- If you go much below 3 degrees the ''Off-Axis'' parameter will change back to ''Realtime'',
- and we need to be in ''Off-Axis'' mode.
- The ''dV'' parameter should be about ''3.15k'' at this point.
-Select IMFD in the right MFD also.
- Click '''MNU''', then '''PG'''. Enter '''0''' for the ''MFD ID''. Click '''Map'''.
- Click '''Tgt''', and enter '''Moon'''. Click '''PG''', then '''Plan'''.
- Clidk '''PG''', then click '''Sel''' until Ref Moon appears in yellow text.
- Click '''MOD''' 3 times, then click '''Nxt''' so that ''Accuracy'' is highlighted.
- Click '''-''' twice so that ''accuracy'' is set to ''Max''.
- Click '''MOD''' twice to return to the map display with equatorial parameters.
-Wait until the ''TEj'' parameter in the left display is ''1k'' or less.
-  In the left MFD, Click '''MOD''', and ''Offset Disabled'' should be highlighted.
- Click '''+''' twice and ''Vel. Frame'' should be displayed. Click '''Nxt''' until ''Lon'' is highlighted.
- Click '''Set''' and enter '''65'''. Click '''Nxt''' and ''Lat'' should be highlighted.
- Click '''Set''' and enter '''-59.8'''. Click '''Nxt''', then '''Set''', and enter '''20.3M''' for ''Rad''.
- Adjust the ''Rad'' and ''Lat'' parameters to get the ''PeA'' and ''EqI'' parameters in the right MFD as close
- as possible to ''350k'' and ''90'' degrees. Repeat as necessary. Click '''Pg''', then '''BV''', then '''AB'''.
- Disengage the ''Prograde'' autopilot.
-[[Image:Lrotli.jpg|frame|left|IMFD setup for the TLI burn]] [[Image:Lrotli2.jpg|frame|right|IMFD setup for the TLI burn]]
+Sit back and wait for the burn. You may wish to use time acceleration to get close to the burn time, but set it back to 1x acceleration once you get close.
+''Note for Brian: It may be possible to use an offset in IMFD to target a polar orbit in the TLI. I think AMSO does something like this. It might be worth checking out, but it may make the LCROSS targeting harder. ''
+ When the TLI burn is complete, click on the '''BV''' button to restore the main IMFD Course target intercept screen
+'''Do not jettison LRO yet'''
+=== Lunar targeting/LRO ===
+When you reach 32M altitude above the Earth, the Centaur engine will automatically purge of all fuel and control switches over to the LCROSS propulsion system. You may initate the engine purge manually by pressing '''B'''. It is '''critical''' that you get your targeting done for both LRO and LCROSS before this time, as once that happens, your deltaV budget is severely limited.
+At about 21M altitude above the earth, select TransX in the Right MFD.
+ Click on the '''--''' button until the target is ''Moon''
+ Click '''VW''' once so the View is ''Manoevre''
+Select TransX also in the Left MFD.
+ In the Left MFD click '''FWD''', then '''VW''', so that the view is 'Encounter'
+ In the Right MFD click '''++''' so Manoevre mode is ''On''
+ Click '''VAR''' 5 times so that ''Ch. Plane vel.'' is displayed
+ Click '''ADJ''' so that ''Medium'' adjustment mode is entered.
+ Click '''--''' until the ''Min Alt.'' parameter in the Left MFD is over 216k
+Our goal here is to end up with an ''Inclination'' parameter in the left MFD as close as possible to 90 degrees, and the ''Min Alt.''  parameter as close as possible to 216k.
+ In the Right MFD click '''VAR''' 3 times so that ''Prograde Vel'' is selected.
+ Click on '''ADJ''' 3 times  for ''Super'' adjustment mode.
+ Click on '''++''' or '''--''' until ''Min Alt.'' is close to 216k and ''Inclination'' is close to 90 degrees in the Left MFD.
+Keep repeating these adjustments, using finer adjustment modes until you get as close as possible to the required parameters. Work quickly though, as the orbital debris is getting closer and we still have to target the LCROSS spacecraft.
+ In the Right MFD click '''VW''' to get ''Target view''
+ Use rotation mode to get the cross as close as possible to the center of the target.
+ '''Do NOT make the burn yet'''
+Use the planetarium view '''F9''' key to make sure you are pointed in a generally northerly direction (towards Polaris + or - 30 degrees or so)
+If you are pointed in a southerly direction, the transx targeting will have to be re-done using '''++''' Ch. plane vel. instead of '''--'''
+Set the Left MFD to IMFD.
+ Press the '''MNU''' button and select Map mode.
+ Press the '''TGT''' button and enter '''Moon'''
+ Press the '''Sel''' button until ''Ref Moon'' is displayed.
+Watch the PeA parameter as you make a low dV burn with the Centaur engine '''Ctrl-numpad +''' When the Pea gets to +216k, STOP the burn with the
+'''numpad *''' key. As it gets close you may with to use translation mode and the '''numpad-6''' key. There is no reverse translation. Don't overshoot by very much, if at all. Some dV will be added by LRO jettison which we will have to correct later.
+ Press the '''j''' key to jettison LRO.
+ On the Right MFD click '''VW''' twice to get back to ''Maneuver view''
+ Click '''VAR''' until Maneuver Mode is displayed.
+ Click '''++''' to turn Maneuver mode ''Off''
+=== Lunar targeting/LCROSS ===
+* Swingby of moon is passive (no thrusting)
+* 81 days in post-swingby cruise orbit
+* Current baseline is 3-month trajectory with south pole impact
+* Two revolutions in high ecliptic inclination (~50 deg), 40-day period Earth orbit
+After the LRO is jettisoned, swing the Centaur around 180 degrees. Use the finely graduated scale on the hud, or Attitude MFD
+to do this. When the Centaur is pointed 180 degrees from where it was when you made the LRO targeting burn, make another small burn, again watching
+IMFD map so that the final PeA is about 2M on the opposite side of the moon. Select IMFD on the right MFD
+ Click '''MNU''', then '''Course'''. Click '''NXT''' 4 times so that ''Delta Velocity'' is highlighted. Click '''Set'''.
+ Click on '''TGT''' and enter '''Moon''' as the target. Click '''Nxt''' 5 times so that ''dVf'' is highlighted.
+ Click '''Set''' and enter '''0'''.
+ In the Left MFD click '''PG''' then '''Plan'''. The green line of our orbit should turn blue.
+ In the Right MFD click '''+''' repeatedly. The ''RIn'' parameter in the Left MFD should increase. If not, Click '''-''' until it does.
+ Also watch the ''PeA'' parameter. Do not let it go negative.
+ When ''PeA'' gets too low, click '''Nxt''' on the Right MFD so that ''dVp'' is highlighted.
+ Click '''-''' until ''PeA'' in the Left MFD is back to around 2M. Setting '''Adj''' to 10x may be necessary, but return it to 1x when finished.
-Sit back and wait for the burn. You may wish to use time acceleration to get close to the burn time, but set it back to 1x acceleration once you get close.
+Keep repeating these adjustments until ''Rin'' is close to 90 degrees and ''PeA'' is close to 2M. This is just a ball bark "rough in" to make our transx tageting easier. The numbers do not have to be exact. '''Work quickly''' though. Liberal use of the '''Pause''' function is encouraged.
- When the TLI burn is complete, click on the '''BV''' button to restore
- the main IMFD Course target intercept screen. Click '''MOD''', then '''Prv'''
- until ''Vel. Frame'' is highlighted. Click '''+''' so that '''Offset Disabled''' is shown.
- Click '''MOD''' three times to return to the main target intercep screen.
- Also, in the right MFD, click '''Pg''', then '''Plan''' to disengage plan mode.
-  Press the '''j''' key to jettison LRO.
+  In the Right MFD, click '''Pg''', then '''BV'''.
- Switch focus back to LRO.
- Press the '''k''' key to deploy the LRO solar panels
- Once the panels have fully unfolded, and rotated to face the sun,
- press the '''g''' key to deploy the antenna
-=== Lunar targeting/LCROSS ===
+Use rotation mode to align the cross in the center of the target and then select translation mode and use '''CTRL-numpad +''' to burn until ''BT'' is close to ''0''. AutoBurn is not recommended.
-* Swingby of moon is passive (no thrusting)
-* 84 days in post-swingby cruise orbit
-* Current baseline is a '''3 Lunar orbit:2 Spacecraft orbit''' trajectory with north pole impact
-* Two revolutions in high ecliptic inclination (~50 deg), 42-day period Earth orbit
-When you reach 32M altitude above the Earth, the Centaur engine will automatically purge of all fuel and control switches over to the LCROSS propulsion system. You may initate the engine purge manually by pressing '''B'''. It is '''critical''' that you get your targeting done for LCROSS before this time, as once that happens, your deltaV budget is severely limited.
+ Once this is done, in the Left MFD click '''PG''', then '''Plan''', so the orbit line turns green again.
-Switch focus to AV020Centaur. Select Orbit MFD in the right MFD.
+Select Transx in both MFD's.Select moon as the target in the right MFD, as in the LRO targeting.
-At about 21M altitude above the earth, select IMFD in the Right MFD.
- Click '''MNU''', then '''Map'''. Make sure Target is ''Moon'', and ''Ref moon'' is displayed.
- Click '''MOD''' three times, and set ''Accuracy'' to ''Max''.
- Click '''MOD''' again to return to the map display.
- Use rotational thrusters to point the Centaur in a northward direction. (Towards Polaris)
- Switch to translation mode and use linear thrusters until PeA in the Right MFD is about 2M.
- In the left MFD be sure ''Target Intercept'' is highlighted.
- Click '''+''', then '''Nxt''' four times until ''Delta Velocity'' is highlighted.
- Click '''Set'''. Click '''TGT''', and type '''Moon'''.
- Click '''Nxt''', then '''Set''', and set ''TEj'' to '''400'''.
- Click '''Nxt''' three times until ''dVf'' is highlighted.
- Click '''Set''', and enter '''0'''.
- in the Right MFD, click '''Plan''' so the green course line turns blue.
- In the left MFD, adjust ''dVp'' and ''dVf'' so that ''RIn'' and ''PeA'' in the right MFD
- are as close as possible to ''90'' degrees, and ''1.5M'', respectively.
- Click '''Prv''' until ''TEj'' is highlighted and set it to '''0'''.
- Click '''PG''', '''BV''', and '''AB'''.
- When the burn is finished, click '''BV''', and '''PG''' in the left MFD, and '''Plan''' in the right MFD.
-Select Transx in both MFDs.
-Select moon as the target in the right MFD
   Click the '''FWD''' button for stage 2, make sure the view is ''Setup'' and select the target as ''Escape''.
@@ Line 275: / Line 174: @@
 There will be a green line extending from the center of the moon to hopefully past the edge. This is an edge-on view of our current approach to the moon.
-We need to fine tune this approach to give us a lunar gravity assist which will result in a highly inclined orbit around the earth with a period of 42 days
+We need to fine tune this approach to give us a lunar gravity assist which will result in a highly inclined orbit around the earth with a period of 40 days
   On the Right MFD, click the '''VAR''' button twice to bring up the ''Inc. angle'' parameter
-  Click on '''++''' several times until the dotted yellow orbit is about the same size as the solid green line.
+  Click on '''--''' several times until the dotted yellow orbit is about the same size as the solid green line.
   It does not have to be superimposed in the same place, but of a similar diameter.
 On the Left MFD the dotted yellow line should be on the same side (more or less) of the moon as the green line. If it is on the opposite side,
-click on the '''--''' button until it is on the same side.
+click on the '''++''' button until it is on the same side.
   On the Right MFD, click on '''VAR''' four times until the ''outward angle'' parameter is shown.
-  Adjust this parameter, and the Inc. angle parameter until the dotted line is superimposed
+  Adjust this parameter, and the Inc. angle parameter until the dotted line is superimposed on the solid green line in the slingshot view.
- on the solid green line in the slingshot view.
+This is our current trajectory. Now we need to adjust the trajectory to impact the moon in 2 orbits with a 40 day period.
-This is our current trajectory. Now we need to adjust the trajectory to impact the moon in 2 orbits with a 42 day period.
- Note the angle of this line. We will be adjusting the length of the line,
- but the angle '''must''' remain the same so that our flight path
- is over the moons pole.
   On the Right MFD, click '''VW''' so that the setup view is shown
   Click '''VAR''' 3 times so that ''Orbits to Icept'' is shown
   Click '''++''' 4 times so that the ''Orbits to Icept'' parameter is 2.0
-Now we must figure out what our ''Enc. MJD'' should be. Take the current MJD and add 88.5 to it. (4.5 days to reach the moon, then 2 orbits of 42 days each.) For the 27 April(UTC) launch this would be 54948.2 + 88.5 = 55036.7 . This is the ''Enc. MJD'' we will be shooting for.
+Now we must figure out what our ''Enc. MJD'' should be. Take the current MJD and add 85 to it. (5 days to reach the moon, then 2 orbits of 40 days each.) For the Feb 28 (UTC) launch this would be 54890 + 85 = 54975. This is the ''Enc. MJD'' we will be shooting for.
   Click '''VW''' again in the right MFD to get back to ''sling direct'' view.
   Adjust the Inc Angle to get as close as possible to the desired MJD.
-  When the angle strays too much,
+  Click '''VAR''' so that ''Outward angle'' is displayed.
- click '''VAR''' so that ''Outward angle'' is displayed.
+  Click '''ADJ''' twice so that the increment is ''Fine''
- Adjust ''Outward angle'' to bring the lines back into alignment.
- Repeat the above process, until the date is as close as possible
- to the target date.
-  Click '''ADJ''' so that the increment is ''Fine''
   Adjust ''Outward angle'' to get the Cl. App. as close as possible.
-My current solution is Inc Angle of 110.99 degrees and Outward angle of -38.1864. Enc MJD is 55036.6951, and Cl. App is 6.726M<br>
+My current solution is Inc Angle of -115.18 degrees and Outward angle of -47.54. Enc MJD is 54978.5013, and Cl. App is 1.747M<br>
 Your Mileage may vary.
-[[Image:Lcrtgt2.jpg|frame|left|Transx Stage 2]][[Image:Lcrtgt3.jpg|frame|right|Transx stage 3]]
+ Once a solution has been reached, click '''BCK''' twice on the Right MFD. The View should be ''Maneuver'' and Maneuver mode should
+ be ''off''. Click '''++''' to turn Maneuver mode ''on''
+ Adjust Prograde Vel. and Ch. Plane vel. until the dotted yellow line on the Left MFD lines up with the solid green line.
+ R. Inc should be as close as possible to 0, and Pe Ratio should be as close as possible to 1.000.
+ Once this is done, click '''VW''' in the right MFD to get to ''target view''.
+ Use rotational thrusters to get the cross in the middle of the target and burn until ''Rel.V'' is as close to 0 as possible.
+ Click '''VW''' twice to get to maneuver view, Click '''VAR''' to get to ''Maneuver mode'' and turn it off.
+ Look at the Left MFD to see how you did. Additional corrections may be done as you get closer to the moon.
+=== Mid course correction/LRO ===
+Switch focus back to LRO.
+ Press the '''k''' key to deploy the LRO solar panels
+ Once the panels have fully unfolded, and rotated to face the sun,
+ press the '''g''' key to deploy the antenna
+ In the Left MFD select IMFD, click on MNU and select Map.
+ Make sure TgT is Moon, and click Sel until Ref is Moon.
+Wait until PeT is about 350k<br>
+Select IMFD in the Right MFD
+ Click on '''MNU''', then '''Course'''. Click '''Nxt''' 4 times until ''Delta Velocity'' is highlighted, then click '''Set'''.
+ Click '''Nxt''' 5 times until ''dVf'' is highlighted, click '''Set''' and enter '''0'''.
+ Click on '''TgT''' and enter '''Moon'''.
+ In the Left MFD, click '''Pg''', then '''Plan''' so that the green line turns blue.
+ In the right MFD adjust '''dVp''' and '''dVf''' so that ''RIn'' and ''PeA'' in the left MFD are as close as possible to 90 degrees and 216k respectively
+ When these adjustments are finished, click '''PG''','''BV''', then '''AB''' in the right MFD.
+ When the burn completes, click '''Plan''' in the left MFD so the blue line returns to green.
+Repeat these adjustments as necessary as you get closer to the moon.
+=== Course correction/LCROSS ===
+Switch focus to AV020 Centaur. Select TranxX in both left and right MFDs
+ In the right MFD, click '''++''' to turn Maneuvre mode ''On''.
+ Adjust ''Prograde vel'' and ''Ch. plane vel'' so that on the Left MFD ''R. Inc'' is as close as possible to 0,
+ and ''Pe Ratio'' is as close as possible to 1.0
+ Click '''VW''' on the right MFD for ''Target view''. Use rotational thrusters to get the cross as close to the
+ center of the target as possible. Press '''M''' to enable the dummy main engine, and use the '''numpad-+''' key to
+ burn the engine. Reduce the ''Rel V'' to as close to 0 as possible.
+ As an alternative to using the dummy main engine, after the Centaur is targeted with rotational thrusters, you can
+ rotate the Centaur 180 degrees and use the LCROSS main engine '''numpad--''' (minus) This will provide you with graphics
+ of the engine firing in external view. ('''F1''')
+Repeat these adjustments as necessary as you get closer to the moon.
+=== orbit insertion/LRO ===
+The LRO main engine is not strong enough to get it into a circular orbit in one try. It will take 4 burns over 12 orbits to achieve the initial 216km x 30km commissioning orbit, with periselene over the South Pole. The first burn is critical in that we must avoid a situation where we are "weakly captured" or not captured at all. The orbit eccentricity at the end of our first burn must be 0.8 or less.
+When LRO's PeT is about 10k, select IMFD in the left MFD, and Orbit MFD in the right.
+ Click on the '''HUD''' button on the right MFD. In the left MFD click '''MNU''', then '''Orbital'''.
+ Click '''TgT''', then type '''r'''.
+Note that The burn time to a circular orbit is over 4k seconds (over an hour!). Make sure rotational mode is selected.
+ At 2k seconds to PeT, select Retrograde mode on the hud. When retrograde attitude is established, de-select retrograde mode.
+ Start the engine by pressing '''numpad-+''' and tap the '''CTRL''' key to keep it burning.
+Notice that the PeA in the right MFD is decreasing.
+ Use the numpad '''1''' and '''3''' keys to move the attitude closer to what the Orbital IMFD mode thinks it should be until
+ the PeA starts increasing.
+Keep adjusting the attitude between these points to keep the PeA as close as possible to 216km.
+ When the ApA. parameter in the Right MFD is 3160km, press the '''numpad-*''' key to stop the burn.
+ The LRO then completes 4 orbits at 3160km x 216km before the next burn,
+ you can switch focus to AV020Centaur and enjoy the view as it passes by the moon.
+After the flyby, switch back to LRO and after 4 orbits, wait until PeT
+is 800k. Press the retrograde button, and de-select it when retrograde attitude is achieved.
+ Follow the procedure above to make the second burn,
+ keeping PeA as close as possible to 216km, and burn until ApA is 967km.
+After another 5 complete orbits at 216km x 967km, make a third burn to circularize your orbit at 216km.
+Make a final burn on your next pass over the North Pole to reduce your PeA to 30km near the South Pole.
+This is the "frozen" lunar orbit at 216km x 30km, periselene over the South Pole, for the 60-day commissioning phase.
+=== LCROSS orbit correction 1 ===
+Switch focus back to AV020Centaur and wait until the orbit is farthest from the moon. '''WARNING''' Using High values of time acceleration may cause problems for the LRO orbit. It can even kick it out of lunar orbit. It is best to be patient, and check on LRO's orbit once in a while. If it's orbit
+changes significantly due to time acceleration, fix it with scenario editor. It is now necessary to tune IMFD map for maximum accuracy.
+ Select IMFD in the left MFD. Click '''MNU''', then '''Map'''. Click '''TgT''' and type '''Moon''', Click '''Cnt''', and type '''Earth'''.
+ Click '''MOD''' 3 times. This should give you the Map-config screen. ''Legs/Frame'' should be highlighted. Click '''Set''' and type '''64'''.
+ Click '''Nxt''', then '''-''' twice. Click '''Nxt twice again, so that ''Period limit'' is highlighted, and click '''+''' to turn it off.
+ Click '''Nxt''' and '''+''' to turn ''Hyper limit'' off. Click '''Nxt''' twice and then '''+''' so that ''Tgt weak Pe'' is set to No.
+ Click '''Nxt''' and '''+''' to turn ''One Pe/Ref'' off. Click '''Mod''' again to return to the map display.
+Several orbits should now be shown. Select IMFD in the Right MFD.
+ In the right MFD click '''MNU''', then '''Course'''. Select ''Delta Velocity'' mode, then set the target to Moon. Set the ''dVf'' parameter to 0.
+ In the left MFD click '''PG''', then '''Plan'''. in the right MFD, adjust '''dVf''' to get the most deflection of the orbit you can when
+ LCROSS intersects the moon in 1.5 orbits. When this is done, click on '''Pg''', then '''BV''', then '''AB'''.
+ When the burn is finished, click '''Plan''' in the left MFD to turn the orbit line green again.
+==== Alternate procedure ====
+Select transx in the right MFD.
+ In the right MFD, select target moon and 1.5 orbits to intercept. Change the view to Maneuver, and select Maneuver mode.
+ Adjust '''prograde vel''', and '''Ch. Pl vel''' for the minimum closest approach.
+ Select target view and use rotational mode to align the cross with the target.
+ Start the burn and watch the orbit in Map MFD mode in the left MFD. When maximum orbit deflection is reached at the moon intercept point
+ after 1.5 orbits, stop the burn.
+=== LCROSS final moon targeting ===
+Go around one more orbit of the earth. When we are again at the farthest point in our orbit from the lunar intercept, set IMFD map in the left MFD
+and IMFD course in the right MFD.
+ In the right MFD set ''target intercept'' mode. Set target to '''Moon'''.
+ Adjust the TIn MJD and then TIn parameters for minimum Enroute dV. Change ''Target intercept'' mode to ''Delta Velocity'' mode.
+ Click '''Nxt''' 4 times to highlight ''Get Burn'', and click '''+'''.
+ In the left MFD click '''Sel''' until ref is ''Moon'' and ''PeA'' is the lowest value. Click '''Pg''', then '''Plan'''.
+ In the right MFD adjust the highest value of ''dVf'', ''dVp'', or ''dVo'' to minimise ''PeA'' in the left MFD.
+ As the orbit changes, the PeA number may change, so you may have to return to the proper one with the '''Sel''' button once in a while
+ Adjust the next highest value of ''dVf'', ''dVp'', or ''dVo'', and finally adjust remaining value.
+ When these adjustments are done, click '''Pg''', '''BV''', and '''AB'''.
+Note the PeT in the left MFD. We need to make another burn when we are halfway from here to the noon so that we will impact the moon.
+This will be at about 850k PeT. Repeat the above procedure until PeA is at least -1M, and hopefully as low as you can get it.
+=== LRO Orbit Circularization ===
+days after your last LRO orbit insertion burn,
+switch focus to LRO, and at Perilune over the south pole, burn retrograde until the ApA is 50km.
+=== LCROSS pole targetinjg ===
+Switch focus back to AV020Centaur. When the PeT is 345k Set IMFD map in the left MFD and IMFD Base approach in the right MFD.
+ In the left MFD set target Moon and center to Self ('''x''')
+ Click on '''Sel''' until ''Ref Moon'' is displayed with a negative PeA.
+ In the right MFD click '''REF''', and type '''Moon'''.
+ Click '''Nxt''' until ''Hint'' is highlighted. Click '''Set''' and type the value shown for ''PeA'' in the left MFD.
+ Click '''Prv''' until ''Lat'' is highlighted. Click '''Set''' and type '''-89.9'''
+ Click '''Nxt''', then '''Set''' and set the ''Alt''' to '''0'''.
+ Click '''Nxt''', then '''Set''' and set the ''ReA'' (Re-enty Angle) to '''75'''
+ Click '''Nxt''', then '''Set''' and set the ''Ant'' parameter to '''0'''
+=== LCROSS LRO targeting ===
+* ~7 hours prior to impact, LCROSS will separate from Centaur upper stage and perform a ~10-minute delay maneuver (~30 m/s)  to enable LCROSS to fly through Centaur impact plume
- Once a solution has been reached, click '''BCK''' twice on the Right MFD.
+== External reference documents ==
- The View should be ''Maneuver'' and Maneuver mode should
- be ''off''. Click '''++''' to turn Maneuver mode ''on''
- Adjust Prograde Vel. and Ch. Plane vel. until the dotted yellow line on the Left MFD
- lines up with the solid green line.
- R. Inc should be as close as possible to 0, and Pe Ratio should be as close as possible to 1.000.
- Once this is done, click '''VW''' in the right MFD to get to ''target view''.
- Use rotational thrusters to get the cross in the middle of the target and burn until
- ''Rel.V'' is as close to 0 as possible.
- Click '''VW''' twice to get to maneuver view, Click '''VAR''' to get to ''Maneuver mode'' and turn it off.
- Look at the Left MFD to see how you did. Additional corrections may be done as you get
- closer to the moon.
-== See also ==
+[http://lcross.arc.nasa.gov/docs/astrWorkshop/Galal_Orbit_Design_Galal_Final.ppt LCROSS Astronomer Workshop]<br>
-*[[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]]
+[http://lcross.arc.nasa.gov/ NASA LCROSS page]<br>
-*[[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter part 2]]
+[http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/ NASA LRO page]<br>
+[http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/ ASU LRO Camera Page]<br>
+[http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/40781/1/06-2277_A.pdf Trajectory Design of the Lunar Impactor Mission Concept]<br>
+[http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/library/tooley-scobjectives-51906.pdf Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Spacecraft & Objectives]<br>
+[http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/library/IAC-07-C1_7_06.pdf Mission Design And Operations Considerations For NASA’S LRO]<br>
+[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20070021535_2007013516.pdf Mission Design for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]<br>
-[[Category:Articles]]
+== TODO ==
-[[Category:Orbiter 2010 add-ons]]
+*Fix procedure for actual mission parameters
-[[Category:Spacecraft add-ons]]
+** updated Launch date? - currently: 2nd March 2009 05:26:27
-[[Category:Add-ons by BrianJ]]
+** LCROSS North pole impact
-[[Category:Tutorials]]
+** Try IMFD slingshot mode to refine flyby once in lunar SOI
+* Add keyboard commands section
+* Convert to .CHM for help mode within orbiter
+* Add images
+** IMFD map periapsis projection to show LCROSS orbit inclination