Difference between revisions of "Orulex"

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{{Addon|
 
{{Addon|
 
1=http://orbides.1gb.ru|
 
1=http://orbides.1gb.ru|
−
2=Artlav
+
2=Artyom "Artlav" Litvinovich
 
}}
 
}}
 
[[Image:Oru-080401-1.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Earth in Orulex 1.0]]
 
[[Image:Oru-080401-1.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Earth in Orulex 1.0]]
−
[[Image:Oru-080401-2.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Brighton Beach Crafter on the Moon in Orulex 1.0
+
[[Image:Oru-080401-2.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Brighton Beach Crater on the Moon in Orulex 1.0]]
−
]]
+
[[Image:Oru-080401-3.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Venus in Orulex 1.0]]
 +
[[Image:Oru-080401-7.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Nereid in Orulex 1.0]]
  
−
'''Orulex''' is a dynamic landscape generator add-on for Orbiter which allows you to add a global landable meshes to the planets.
+
'''Orulex''' is a dynamic landscape generator add-on for Orbiter which allows users to add a global landable mesh to planets.
 +
Simply said, it turns flat planets into mountainous planets.
  
−
==Basic features (0.7.1)==
+
Latest stable version is 1.0
−
* Run-time generation of planet-wide meshes based on given mathematical expression.
+
Latest development version is 1.2_080527
−
* Supported functions are perlin noise, ridged perlin, sine and cosine terrain, i/o curve, crater, auxiliarys.
 
−
* Global and local heightmaps
 
−
* Automatic carving of surface bases into craters.
 
−
* Partially compatible with Visosad collision detection system.
 
−
 
 
−
==Known bugs/issues (0.7.1)==
 
−
* Static textures all over the planet.
 
−
* Blinking of the texture at night and with clouds.
 
−
* No mesh visible in windowed mode on some GPUs.
 
  
 
==Basic features (1.0)==
 
==Basic features (1.0)==
Line 25: Line 18:
 
* Easily downloadable textures and heightmaps data for Earth, and other planets.
 
* Easily downloadable textures and heightmaps data for Earth, and other planets.
 
* Lv11 global Orbiter and Lv6-Lv22 local downloaded textures (LandSat, USGS) support.
 
* Lv11 global Orbiter and Lv6-Lv22 local downloaded textures (LandSat, USGS) support.
−
 
+
* Collision detection support possibilities and SDK interface
−
==Known bugs/issues (1.0)==
 
−
* Windows Vista random CTD.
 
−
* Dislocated patches when flying with multithreaded mode on.
 
−
* Textures getting colorfully random on some machines (probably Orbiter/DirectX bug on older systems).
 
  
 
==System Requirements:==
 
==System Requirements:==
Line 40: Line 29:
 
* 2-3Ghz CPU, ~1Gb of disk space, Fast Cheap internet (Lv9 heightmap is 466Mb download).
 
* 2-3Ghz CPU, ~1Gb of disk space, Fast Cheap internet (Lv9 heightmap is 466Mb download).
  
−
==Performance Guidelines:==
+
==Performance Guidelines (1.0)==
 
* If you got a multi-core CPU, it is almost always better to keep multithread mode on.
 
* If you got a multi-core CPU, it is almost always better to keep multithread mode on.
 
* If you got single-core CPU and Orulex feels slow on response or pre-computation takes longer than 10-15 seconds, try turning multithread mode off.
 
* If you got single-core CPU and Orulex feels slow on response or pre-computation takes longer than 10-15 seconds, try turning multithread mode off.
Line 48: Line 37:
 
TexGen-H defines time slice allocated when there is a lot to generate, TexGen-L defines time slice allocated when there are only small changes, like when you are flying around. Reducing them make Orbiter more responsive and terrain less responsive. Timings are not defined in multithread mode.
 
TexGen-H defines time slice allocated when there is a lot to generate, TexGen-L defines time slice allocated when there are only small changes, like when you are flying around. Reducing them make Orbiter more responsive and terrain less responsive. Timings are not defined in multithread mode.
  
−
==Configuration==
+
==Known bugs/issues (1.0)==
−
'''Syntax for all config files:'''
+
* Windows Vista random CTD.
−
* parameter = value
+
* Dislocated patches when flying with multithreaded mode on.
−
* Any amount of tabs or spaces around = sign.
+
* Textures getting colorfully random on some machines (probably Orbiter/DirectX bug on older systems).
−
* // means star of line-comment (all of the line after it is ignored)
+
 
−
* { opens the large comment, } closes the large comment, everything between them is ignored.
+
==Data download Servers List==
−
* 1 denotes TRUE/ON, 0 denotes FALSE/OFF.
+
'''Earth'''
−
* All other numbers are in metres (unless specified otherwise), in real number format (±1.23±45).
+
* SRTM global Earth terrain
 +
* NASA derived global 30 meters per pixel satellite image mosaic
 +
* NASA derived global 15 meters per pixel satellite image mosaic, donated and processed by I-Cubed using equipment from Isilon Systems.
 +
* USGS Digital Ortho
 +
* USGS Urban Area Ortho
 +
* Pseudo color 15m Landsat mosaic provided by MDA Federal, scenes comprised from early 2000s
  
 +
'''Moon'''
 +
* Clementine global Moon terrain
 +
* Clementine 40xx
 +
* Clementine 30xx
  
−
'''Main configuration''' can be found in visosad\orulex.cfg
+
'''Mars'''
 +
* MOLA global Mars terrain
 +
* Mars THEMIS Color
  
−
All pathes are relative to the Orbiter directory.
+
'''Venus'''
 +
* Magellan Imaging Radar (Color)
 +
* Magellan Imaging Radar (Grey)
  
−
Global features:
+
==World Studio==
 +
World Studio is both the Orulex terrain config system and the versatile planet editor. It was first released on April 1, 2008 same with Orulex 1.0.
  
−
* '''Enabled''' - Enable/disable the system
+
==Generator ideas and function description==
−
* '''Debug''' - Enable/disable the debug string
+
===Configuration===
−
* '''Collisions''' - Collision support on/off
 
−
* '''Multithread''' - Multithreaded mode on/off
 
−
* '''Reflection''' - Reflection model
 
  
−
Default values for all planets (used if not specified in planet cfg):
+
Orulex system configuration are done by World Studio program and config files editing, with options ranging from terrain polygon count to shapes of the worlds.
−
* '''MaxPolyCount''' - Maximum polygon count in the terrain should be in 20000-100000 range.
+
2 PDF's with full description of world studio and file configuration can be found in the release package.
−
* '''Altlimit''' - Upper limit for terrain drawing.
 
−
* '''Blendlimit''' - Lower limit of terrain vanishing (starts at Altlimit-Blendlimit)
 
−
* '''Levlimit''' - Terrain level limit
 
−
* '''GlobalHMapLimit''' - Global heightmap level limit
 
−
* '''PriT''' - Preprocess timeslice
 
−
* '''SecT''' - Split/Merge timeslice
 
−
* '''TriT''' - TexGen-L timeslice
 
−
* '''QuaT''' - TexGen-H timeslice
 
−
* '''Configs''' - Configuration path
 
−
* '''Textures''' - Textures path
 
−
* '''Heightmaps''' - Heightmap path
 
  
  
−
Planet textures are loaded from Orbiter textures directories, with Orbiter's default prioritites.
 
  
−
Planets configuration can be found in config/terrain/planet_name.cfg
 
  
 +
===Basic ideas===
  
−
'''In planet_name.cfg'''
+
Function string in config\terrain\planet_name.cfg
−
The MaxPolyCount, Altlimit, Blendlimit have the same meaning as in name config, but for this planet only.
 
  
−
Terrain settings:
+
* Planet functions is written in postfix notation.
−
* '''seed''' - The Number, that defines the planet.
+
* In postfix, the sign of operation goes after the operands, so a+b will be ab+.
−
* '''radius''' - Radius of mesh. Better be near radius of planet.
+
* It have a significant comprehensive advantage, since there is no ()'s.
−
* '''function''' - Planet terrain function. Described below.
+
* a+((b+f)*c+d/e) will be written as a b f+c*d e/++.
−
* '''sbcrater''' - Surface base craters ridge height
+
* Functions specified the same way - f(x,y,z+w) is x y z w + f.
−
* '''microtexture''' - Microtexturing
 
−
* '''belowsphere''' - Below sphere terrain
 
−
* '''glhmaplevel''' - Max global heightmap level
 
  
 +
===Terrain function===
  
−
'''Heightmaps:'''
+
The terrain is represented by a 3 to 1 function with arguments being the position on the planet and output being the altitude at this position. The concept is similar to the plotting of 1D functions, like sine and cosine - the X axis represents the position, and Y axis represents the altitude:
−
Defined by adding following string to the planet_name.cfg
 
  
−
'''heightmap=Name|Lon of start|Lon of end|Lat of start|Lat of end|Scale|Function|Flag|Use'''
+
[[Image:Functions in Orulex 1.jpg|800px|thumb|center|Imagine the same thing in 4D, and that's how it is done in Orulex.]]
  
−
'''height8map=Name|Lon of start|Lon of end|Lat of start|Lat of end|Scale|Function|Flag|Use'''
+
===List of terrain functions===
  
−
'''heightmaphei=Name|Lon of start|Lon of end|Lat of start|Lat of end|Scale|Function|Flag|Use'''
+
====Perlin noise====
 +
[[Image:Terrain Functions.jpg|100px|thumb|left|Classic perlin noise ground function.]]
 +
;Syntax:<nowiki>perlin(xd,yd,zd,band,scale)</nowiki>
 +
;xd,yd,zd:Distortion values for x,y,and z coordinates respectively.
 +
;band: The amount of noise bands to be used - the more of them the more detailed terrain is, but slower.
 +
;scale: The horizontal scale of the thing. It is roughly equivalent to the size of the pattern shown in viewer on the actual planet, i.e. if scale is 10000 then the pattern will be spread across 10 kilometers.
  
−
All fields have fixed widths - 40|10|10|10|10|8|1|1|1
+
Output is in -1..1 range.
  
−
First is filename relative to Heightmaps directory, then longitude of start, longitude of end, latitude of start, latitude of end, vertical scale, function, flag, use flag
+
====Ridge noise====
−
* '''heightmap''' - Heightmap file is a grayscale BMP with black as 0 and white as vertical scale altitude.
+
[[Image:Terrain Functions 2.jpg|100px|thumb|left|Ridged perlin noise ground function. ]]
−
* '''height8map''' - Heightmap file is a grayscale BMP with altitude asn sint8.
 
−
* '''heightmaphei''' - Heightmap file is a Orulex HEI.
 
  
 +
;Syntax:<nowiki>ridge(xd,yd,zd,band,scale)</nowiki>
  
−
'''Heightmap functions are:'''
+
;Syntax:<nowiki>perlin(xd,yd,zd,band,scale)</nowiki>
−
* '''0''' - addition (height-map)
+
;xd,yd,zd:Distortion values for x,y,and z coordinates respectively.
−
* '''1''' - multiplication (mask-map).
+
;band: The amount of noise bands to be used - the more of them the more detailed terrain is, but slower.
−
* '''2''' - replacation (plain height-map)
+
;scale: The horizontal scale of the thing. It is roughly equivalent to the size of the pattern shown in viewer on the actual planet, i.e. if scale is 10000 then the pattern will be spread across 10 kilometers.
−
* '''3''' - replacation-truncation (plain height-map with ocean truncated)
 
  
 +
Output is in -1..1 range.
  
−
'''Colormaps:'''
+
====Sea level====
−
Defined by adding following string to the planet_name.cfg
+
[[Image:Terrain Functions 3.jpg|100px|thumb|left|Sea level function with Perlin noise]]
−
'''colormap=Name|Lon of start|Lon of end|Lat of start|Lat of end|Scale|Function'''
 
−
All fields have fixed widths - 40|10|10|10|10|8|1|1|1
 
−
First is filename relative to Textures or Textures2 directory, then longitude of start, longitude of end, latitude of start, latitude of end, vertical scale, function
 
−
Colormap file is either BMP or DDS.
 
  
 +
;Syntax:<nowiki>sealevel(f,min)</nowiki>
  
−
'''Flat spaces:'''
+
Same as <nowiki>min2(min,f)</nowiki>. Returns <math>f</math> if <math>f>=min</math> and <math>min</math> if <math>f<min</math>.
−
Defined by adding following string to the planet_name.cfg
 
−
'''flat=Lon of start Lon of end Lat of start Lat of end'''
 
  
 +
Useful to truncate below the sphere part of the terrain function into flat valleys. Almost always should be removed if planet have ocean. If your planet have an ocean, make sure thet the underwater part of the function is not truncated!
  
−
'''SURFTILES:'''
+
====Sinusoidal terrain====
−
Just paste the
+
[[Image:Terrain Functions 4.jpg|100px|thumb|left|Sinusoidal terrain]]
−
BEGIN_SURFTILELIST
 
−
END_SURFTILELIST
 
−
part of the Orbiter base cfg into Orulex planet cfg, '''removing empty lines'''.
 
−
See earth.cfg for example.
 
  
 +
;Syntax:
 +
<nowiki>sintf(xd,yd,zd,scale)</nowiki>
  
−
'''Predefined terrain functions for randomator:'''
+
;xd,yd,zd:Distortion values for x,y,and z coordinates respectively.
−
* '''1 1 1 3 6000 perlin''' = dense selenic world
+
;scale: The horizontal scale of the thing. It is roughly equivalent to the size of the pattern shown in viewer on the actual planet, i.e. if scale is 10000 then the pattern will be spread across 10 kilometers.
−
* '''1 1 1 3 10000 perlin''' = selenic world
 
−
* '''1 1 1 4 15000 perlin''' = sparse selenic world
 
−
* '''1 1 1 3 20000 1000 1 1 1 4 10000 ridge sin * + ridge''' = tightly-ridged world
 
−
* '''1 1 1 3 100000 10000 1 1 1 3 100000 ridge sin * + ridge''' = ridge-cratered world
 
−
* '''1 1 1 1 10000 ridge cos 0.6- 5*''' = channel-cracked world
 
−
* '''1.1 1.1 1.1 3 10000 ridge 1 0 1 1 1 0.4 0 0.2 0 0 1 0.2 1 1 1 3 100000 ridge trim 0.2-2* 9 curv trim*''' = ridged-valleys world
 
  
−
==Planet functions==
+
Output is in -1..1 range.
−
'''Function=... in visosad\orulex\planet_name.cfg'''
 
  
−
Planet function, written in postfix notation. Better not to edit if you don't know what postfix notation is.
+
====Cosinusoidal terrain====
 +
[[Image:Terrain Functions 5.jpg|100px|thumb|left|Cosinusoidal terrain]]
  
−
'''Visosad\funcdrw program''' can display functions 3D graph. Requires OpenGL.
+
;Syntax:<nowiki>costf(xd,yd,zd,scale)</nowiki>
  
 +
;xd,yd,zd:Distortion values for x,y,and z coordinates respectively.
 +
;scale: The horizontal scale of the thing. It is roughly equivalent to the size of the pattern shown in viewer on the actual planet, i.e. if scale is 10000 then the pattern will be spread across 10 kilometers.
  
−
'''Operators:'''
+
Output is in -1..1 range.
−
* sbcrater(scl) - defines surface base craters with scl height.
 
−
* perlin(xd,yd,zd,band,scale) - perlin noise ground function
 
−
* ridge(xd,yd,zd,band,scale) - ridged perlin noise ground function
 
−
* curv(n,f,x1,y1,x2,y2,...,x(n-1)/2,y(n-1)/2) - Input/Output curve for f by points of xi,yi, lagrange interpolated.
 
−
* sealevel(level) -sphere level cutoff function
 
−
* +, -, --, *, /, sin, cos, max2, max3, min2, min3 - arithmetics.
 
−
* ax,ay,az - world coordinates.
 
−
* trim(f,min,max) - trims f into min<f<max.
 
  
−
'''Heightmaps'''
+
====Curve function====
 +
;Syntax:<nowiki>curv(n,f,x1,y1,x2,y2,...,x(n-1)/2,y(n-1)/2)</nowiki>
  
−
heightmap=Testmapmoon        |000041.025|000041.225|-0033.8375|-0033.6375|00002000|0
 
  
−
Heightmap definition. Can be several of them.
+
Input/Output curve for f by points of xi,yi, lagrange interpolated. It is a very powerful tool, allowing to map the inputs to according to specific curve to the output, changing gradients and similar things. The I/O curve is too big a topic for this manual.  
 +
For example: Callisto
  
−
All fields have fixed widths - 20|10|10|10|10|8|1
 
  
−
First is filename relative to visosad\orulex\hmap, then longitude of start, longitude of end, latitude of start, latitude of end, vertical scale, function
+
====Other operators/functions====
 +
;ax,ay,az:world coordinates
 +
;+, -, --, *, /, sin, cos, tan, ln, pow, round, trunc, sqr, sqrt max2, max3, min2, min3: Arithmetics and basic math
 +
;trim(f,min,max): trims f into <math>min<f<max</math>
  
 +
==See Also==
 +
[[Meshland]]
  
−
Where function is:
+
==Download Links==
−
* 0 - addition (height-map)
+
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orulex.php Orulex's Homepage by Artlav]
−
* 1 - multiplication (mask-map).
 
−
* 2 - replacation (plain height-map)
 
  
−
Heightmap file is a grayscale BMP with black as 0 and white as vertical scale altitude. 8bit BMP's seems to give errors.
+
[http://www.orbiter-forum.com/showthread.php?t=2007 Development version Orbiter forum thread]
  
 +
[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orulex_land_gen-v1-2.2390/ Orulex_Land_Gen-v1.2] Orbiter Forum/Resources.
  
−
'''Run-time configuration''', found on page 2 of Orulex 3D Surface MFD:
+
[http://www.orbiter-forum.com/showthread.php?t=999 1.0 Orbiter forum thread]
−
* Enabled - Enable/disable the drawing of the mesh.
 
−
* Debug - Enable/disable the debug string
 
−
* Collisions - Collision support on/off
 
  
−
==Links==
+
==Additional links==
−
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orulex.php Orulex's Homepage by Artlav]
+
 
 +
'''Extensions'''
 +
 
 +
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/MLVS-WIP-080327.zip WIP MeshLand 2, Collision Detection support for Orulex, Unstable]
 +
 
 +
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/OrulexSDK-allvers.zip Interface SDK (Delta-Glider samples included)]
 +
 
 +
'''Pre-composed heightmaps'''
 +
 
 +
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/earth-hmap-lv8.zip Earth Lv8 heightmap (84Mb)]
 +
 
 +
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/mars-hmap-lv8.zip Mars Lv8 heightmap (82Mb)]
 +
 
 +
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/moon-hmap-lv8.zip Moon Lv8 heightmap (81Mb)]
 +
 
 +
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/everest_lv11.zip Everest Lv11 textures and heightmaps (5.3Mb)]
 +
 
 +
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/grand_canyon_lv13.zip Grand Canyon Lv13 textures and heightmaps (9Mb)]
 +
 
 +
'''Demonstaration video'''
  
−
[http://www.orbithangar.com/searchid.php?ID=2686 Download at OrbiterHangar]
+
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/oru-flight-080321-x264.avi China flying in Gregburch's Swift1 (x264, 21 MB)]
  
−
[http://www.orbitersim.com/Forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=15133 Orbiter forum thread]
+
[http://orbides.1gb.ru/orbf/oru-flight-080321-xvid.avi China flying in Gregburch's Swift1 (xVid, 31 MB)]
  
 +
[[Category: Articles]]
 
[[Category:Add-ons]]
 
[[Category:Add-ons]]
−
[[Category:Celestial body add-ons]]
 

Latest revision as of 11:49, 15 October 2022

Project home: http://orbides.1gb.ru
Author: Artyom "Artlav" Litvinovich
Current version: Unknown
Compatibility: Unknown


Earth in Orulex 1.0
Brighton Beach Crater on the Moon in Orulex 1.0
Venus in Orulex 1.0
Nereid in Orulex 1.0

Orulex is a dynamic landscape generator add-on for Orbiter which allows users to add a global landable mesh to planets. Simply said, it turns flat planets into mountainous planets.

Latest stable version is 1.0 Latest development version is 1.2_080527

Basic features (1.0)[edit]

  • Generates planet terrain in Orbiter on the fly, using real data or fractal functions.
  • Easily downloadable textures and heightmaps data for Earth, and other planets.
  • Lv11 global Orbiter and Lv6-Lv22 local downloaded textures (LandSat, USGS) support.
  • Collision detection support possibilities and SDK interface

System Requirements:[edit]

Out of the box:

  • 256Mb RAM + what Orbiter and OS takes.
  • 1.5+Ghz CPU, good video card (if it runs Orbiter Lv10+NASSP with good FPS it will run Orulex as if nothing is here).

Hi-quality:

  • 1Gb RAM + what Orbiter and OS takes + what local maps you will download.
  • 2-3Ghz CPU, ~1Gb of disk space, Fast Cheap internet (Lv9 heightmap is 466Mb download).

Performance Guidelines (1.0)[edit]

  • If you got a multi-core CPU, it is almost always better to keep multithread mode on.
  • If you got single-core CPU and Orulex feels slow on response or pre-computation takes longer than 10-15 seconds, try turning multithread mode off.
  • Reducing polygon count may help if you got an old video card.
  • Reducing LevLimit may give a more stable-looking landscape, but dropping quality exponentially.
  • If you got FPS jerks on older/single-core PC's, look on texture timings.

TexGen-H defines time slice allocated when there is a lot to generate, TexGen-L defines time slice allocated when there are only small changes, like when you are flying around. Reducing them make Orbiter more responsive and terrain less responsive. Timings are not defined in multithread mode.

Known bugs/issues (1.0)[edit]

  • Windows Vista random CTD.
  • Dislocated patches when flying with multithreaded mode on.
  • Textures getting colorfully random on some machines (probably Orbiter/DirectX bug on older systems).

Data download Servers List[edit]

Earth

  • SRTM global Earth terrain
  • NASA derived global 30 meters per pixel satellite image mosaic
  • NASA derived global 15 meters per pixel satellite image mosaic, donated and processed by I-Cubed using equipment from Isilon Systems.
  • USGS Digital Ortho
  • USGS Urban Area Ortho
  • Pseudo color 15m Landsat mosaic provided by MDA Federal, scenes comprised from early 2000s

Moon

  • Clementine global Moon terrain
  • Clementine 40xx
  • Clementine 30xx

Mars

  • MOLA global Mars terrain
  • Mars THEMIS Color

Venus

  • Magellan Imaging Radar (Color)
  • Magellan Imaging Radar (Grey)

World Studio[edit]

World Studio is both the Orulex terrain config system and the versatile planet editor. It was first released on April 1, 2008 same with Orulex 1.0.

Generator ideas and function description[edit]

Configuration[edit]

Orulex system configuration are done by World Studio program and config files editing, with options ranging from terrain polygon count to shapes of the worlds. 2 PDF's with full description of world studio and file configuration can be found in the release package.



Basic ideas[edit]

Function string in config\terrain\planet_name.cfg

  • Planet functions is written in postfix notation.
  • In postfix, the sign of operation goes after the operands, so a+b will be ab+.
  • It have a significant comprehensive advantage, since there is no ()'s.
  • a+((b+f)*c+d/e) will be written as a b f+c*d e/++.
  • Functions specified the same way - f(x,y,z+w) is x y z w + f.

Terrain function[edit]

The terrain is represented by a 3 to 1 function with arguments being the position on the planet and output being the altitude at this position. The concept is similar to the plotting of 1D functions, like sine and cosine - the X axis represents the position, and Y axis represents the altitude:

Imagine the same thing in 4D, and that's how it is done in Orulex.

List of terrain functions[edit]

Perlin noise[edit]

Classic perlin noise ground function.
Syntax
perlin(xd,yd,zd,band,scale)
xd,yd,zd
Distortion values for x,y,and z coordinates respectively.
band
The amount of noise bands to be used - the more of them the more detailed terrain is, but slower.
scale
The horizontal scale of the thing. It is roughly equivalent to the size of the pattern shown in viewer on the actual planet, i.e. if scale is 10000 then the pattern will be spread across 10 kilometers.

Output is in -1..1 range.

Ridge noise[edit]

Ridged perlin noise ground function.
Syntax
ridge(xd,yd,zd,band,scale)
Syntax
perlin(xd,yd,zd,band,scale)
xd,yd,zd
Distortion values for x,y,and z coordinates respectively.
band
The amount of noise bands to be used - the more of them the more detailed terrain is, but slower.
scale
The horizontal scale of the thing. It is roughly equivalent to the size of the pattern shown in viewer on the actual planet, i.e. if scale is 10000 then the pattern will be spread across 10 kilometers.

Output is in -1..1 range.

Sea level[edit]

Sea level function with Perlin noise
Syntax
sealevel(f,min)

Same as min2(min,f). Returns if and if .

Useful to truncate below the sphere part of the terrain function into flat valleys. Almost always should be removed if planet have ocean. If your planet have an ocean, make sure thet the underwater part of the function is not truncated!

Sinusoidal terrain[edit]

Sinusoidal terrain
Syntax

sintf(xd,yd,zd,scale)

xd,yd,zd
Distortion values for x,y,and z coordinates respectively.
scale
The horizontal scale of the thing. It is roughly equivalent to the size of the pattern shown in viewer on the actual planet, i.e. if scale is 10000 then the pattern will be spread across 10 kilometers.

Output is in -1..1 range.

Cosinusoidal terrain[edit]

Cosinusoidal terrain
Syntax
costf(xd,yd,zd,scale)
xd,yd,zd
Distortion values for x,y,and z coordinates respectively.
scale
The horizontal scale of the thing. It is roughly equivalent to the size of the pattern shown in viewer on the actual planet, i.e. if scale is 10000 then the pattern will be spread across 10 kilometers.

Output is in -1..1 range.

Curve function[edit]

Syntax
curv(n,f,x1,y1,x2,y2,...,x(n-1)/2,y(n-1)/2)


Input/Output curve for f by points of xi,yi, lagrange interpolated. It is a very powerful tool, allowing to map the inputs to according to specific curve to the output, changing gradients and similar things. The I/O curve is too big a topic for this manual. For example: Callisto


Other operators/functions[edit]

ax,ay,az
world coordinates
+, -, --, *, /, sin, cos, tan, ln, pow, round, trunc, sqr, sqrt max2, max3, min2, min3
Arithmetics and basic math
trim(f,min,max)
trims f into

See Also[edit]

Meshland

Download Links[edit]

Orulex's Homepage by Artlav

Development version Orbiter forum thread

Orulex_Land_Gen-v1.2 Orbiter Forum/Resources.

1.0 Orbiter forum thread

Additional links[edit]

Extensions

WIP MeshLand 2, Collision Detection support for Orulex, Unstable

Interface SDK (Delta-Glider samples included)

Pre-composed heightmaps

Earth Lv8 heightmap (84Mb)

Mars Lv8 heightmap (82Mb)

Moon Lv8 heightmap (81Mb)

Everest Lv11 textures and heightmaps (5.3Mb)

Grand Canyon Lv13 textures and heightmaps (9Mb)

Demonstaration video

China flying in Gregburch's Swift1 (x264, 21 MB)

China flying in Gregburch's Swift1 (xVid, 31 MB)

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