Difference between revisions of "Soyuz 7K-OK"

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|Achieved hard-docking, first guided reentry by Cosmos 212, both spacecraft badly damaged by the parachute dragging them over ground after landing
 
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==References==
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* "Soyuz - A Universal Spacecraft"; Hall, Shayler; Springer Praxis; ISBN 1-85233-657-9
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730025080_1973025080.pdf ASTP operational data book. Volume 2: ASTP mass properties data book]
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730023009_1973023009.pdf Docking Technology]
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19770006201_1977006201.pdf Liquid Rocket Engines]; Bychkov, Nazarov, Prishchepa.
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750015574_1975015574.pdf The Soyuz - Ready to Fly]; Filipchenko.
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750004932_1975004932.pdf Mutual Aid In Space]; Fotkin.
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750015550_1975015550.pdf The Apollo And Soyuz Spacecraft]; Yudin.
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750015549_1975015549.pdf The Apollo-Soyuz Test Flight]; Leonov.
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750013233_1975013233.pdf Space - A Road Without End]; Nikolayev
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740025204_1974025204.pdf Such Will Be Our Ship]; Zhadanov, Yuzhov
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740024185_1974024185.pdf Soyuz - Workhorse Of Space]; Yelizavetin
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19720008128_1972008128.pdf Soviet Soyuz Spacecraft]; Academy Of Sciences, USSR
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740008421_1974008421.pdf From Spacecraft To Spacecraft];
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730015111_1973015111.pdf Rendezvous In Orbit]; Anuchin
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19710026712_1971026712.pdf Flight Of Soyuz 10]
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19850069208_1985069208.pdf Soyuz And Apollo]; Buchuev (WARNING: 820 MB PDF)
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19730022260_1973022260.pdf The Second Orbital Flight]; Nikolayev
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19710070052_1971070052.pdf The Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7 and Soyuz 8 Mission], Mandrovsky
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19900066076_1990066076.pdf A Brief Description Of Docking Device of "Soyuz"-Type Spacecraft (With Internal Passageway)]
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19900066074_1990066074.pdf Description Of The Conceptual Arrangement For The Rendezvous And Docking of Soyuz Spacecraft]
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19900066147_1990066147.pdf Reference Data On The Parameters Of The Atmosphere In The Living Compartments Of Soyuz Type Spacecraft]
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* [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19900066087_1990066087.pdf Radiotelephone Communications Between Spacecraft Of The Soyuz Type]
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[[Category: Articles]]
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[[Category: Historic spacecraft]]

Latest revision as of 03:31, 16 October 2022

The Soyuz 7K-OK is the first generation of soviet Soyuz spacecraft, flying from November 11, 1966 to June 1, 1970. It had a crew of 2-3 astronauts and was produced in two versions, "Active" and "Passive", describing its role during docking and the configuration of the early docking port. It was a major evolution from the early Vostok spacecraft and plagued with early problems.

Description[edit]

The Soyuz spacecraft consists of three modules, of which only the descent module CA returns to Earth. Every module is specialized for its tasks.

Orbital Module БО[edit]

Extends habitable space, contains galley and toilet, acts as airlock, contains the ingress hatch for entering the spacecraft on the launch pad. Contains the Игла/Igla (Needle) docking guidance system. The orbital module is easily adapted for new docking adapters, docking guidance systems or scientific payloads.

Descent Module СА[edit]

Crew, crew seats, front hatch, Sirius-7K IDS, Visor (Визр) periscope, hydrogen peroxide attitude control, heat shield, landing rockets.

Propulsion Module ПО[edit]

Contains all navigation sensors, solar arrays, pressurized electronics compartment, hydrogen peroxide for the ДО and ДПО thrusters, Dinitrogentetroxide and Unsymmetrical Dimethylhydrazine for main(СКД) and backup engine (ДКД).

Subsystems[edit]

Attitude control[edit]

ДО (DO) and ДПО (DPO) thruster systems, using hydrogen peroxide.

45K sun tracker[edit]

TV cameras[edit]

КР-75, КР-71/1, КР-71/2, КР-91. КР-74 TV signal multiplexer.

СКД main engine[edit]

ДКД back-up engine[edit]

Missions[edit]

Active
Spacecraft 		Active
launch date 		Active
launch crew 		Passive
Spacecraft 		Passive
launch date 		Passive
launch crew 		Date of docking Active
landing date 		Active
landing crew 		Passive
landing date 		Passive
landing crew 		Comments
Cosmos 133 November 28, 1966 Unmanned Canceled November 29, 1966 Unmanned Canceled November 30, 1966 Unmanned Canceled Canceled Attitude control system failed, passive mission canceled, destroyed by 23 kg self-destruct charge over China. Also known as "Spacecraft No.2"
N/A N/A N/A Spacecraft no.1 December 14, 1966 16:00 Unmanned N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Lift-off failed, shortly afterwards SAS rocket activated, destroying the rocket in a fire and killing Major Korostylev.
Cosmos 140 February 7, 1967 Unmanned NA NA NA NA February 9, 1967 Unmanned NA NA 45K Sun tracker failed, depleting DPO propellants and batteries, landed in water and sank, because of a heat shield burn-through
Soyuz 1 April 23, 1967 03:35 MT Komarov Soyuz 2 Canceled Bykovsky, Yeliseyev, Khrunov Canceled April 24, 1967 06:24 MT Komarov Canceled Canceled Attitude control system failed again, parachutes failed during landing, killing Komarov
Cosmos 186 October 27, 1967 Unmanned Cosmos 188 October 30, 1967 Unmanned October 30, 1967 October 31, 1967 Unmanned November 2, 1967 Unmanned Achieved only soft-docking, again problems with 45K sensor, passive spacecraft self-destructed before reentry after passing an "Ion pocket" over Brazil
Cosmos 212 April 14, 1968 Unmanned Cosmos 213 April 15, 1968 Unmanned April 15, 1968 April 19, 1968 Unmanned April 20, 1968 Unmanned Achieved hard-docking, first guided reentry by Cosmos 212, both spacecraft badly damaged by the parachute dragging them over ground after landing

References[edit]

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