Difference between revisions of "Earth"

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{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="margin:25px 0 0 10px; border:3px solid lightsteelblue;width:250px; font-size:90%; font-family:'Arial','Helvetica'; float: right; clear: right;"Earth in Orbiter"
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{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="margin:25px 0 0 10px; border:3px solid lightsteelblue;width:250px; font-size:90%; font-family:'Arial','Helvetica'; float: right; clear: right;"Template in Orbiter"
 
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2" align="center" |Earth
 
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2" align="center" |Earth
 
|-
 
|-
 
|colspan="2" align="center"|[[Image:EarthScrshot.jpg|240px]]
 
|colspan="2" align="center"|[[Image:EarthScrshot.jpg|240px]]
 
|-
 
|-
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|colspan="2" align="center"|'''Earth in Orbiter'''
+
|colspan="2" align="center"|'''Earth in Orbiter 2016 with D3D9'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Designation
 
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Designation
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Name||align="right" width="30%"|Earth
+
|Name||align="right"|Earth
 
|-
 
|-
 
|width="30%"|Reference body||align="right" width="30%"|Sun
 
|width="30%"|Reference body||align="right" width="30%"|Sun
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|width="30%"|Number of satellites||align="right" width="30%"|1
 
|width="30%"|Number of satellites||align="right" width="30%"|1
 
|-
 
|-
−
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Physical parameters*
+
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Planetary mean orbits
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Mass||align="right" width="50%"|5.974×10<sup>24</sup> kg
+
|width="30%"|Epoch||align="right" width="50%"|J2000 (1 January 2000)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Mean Radius||align="right" width="50%"|6.371×10<sup>6</sup> m
+
|width="30%"|Semimajor axis (a)||align="right" width="50%"|1.00000011 AU <br> (1.495978871×10<sup>11</sup> km)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Gravitational moments||align="right" width="50%"|J<sub>2</sub>=1082.6269×10<sup>-6</sup><br>J<sub>3</sub>=-2.51×10<sup>-6</sup><br>J<sub>4</sub>=-1.6×10<sup>-6</sup><br>J<sub>5</sub>-0.15×10<sup>-6</sup>
+
|width="30%"|Eccentricity (e)||align="right" width="30%"|0.01671022
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Siderial day||align="right" width="30%"|8.616×10<sup>4</sup> s
+
|width="30%"|Inclination (i)||align="right" width="30%"|0.00005° <br> (0.00000087 radian)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Orbital period||align="right" width="30%"|3.159×10<sup>7</sup> s<br>(365.625 days)
+
|width="30%"|Longitude of the ascending node (LAN, ☊)||align="right" width="30%"|-11.26064° <br> (-0.1965352 radian)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Obliquity of ecliptic||align="right" width="30%"|23.44°
+
|width="30%"|Longitude of periapsis (ϖ)||align="right" width="30%"|102.94719° <br> (1.796767 radian_
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Atmosphere||align="right" width="30%"|Yes
+
|width="30%"|Mean longitude (L)||align="right" width="30%"|100.46435° <br> (1.753434 radian)
 
|-
 
|-
−
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Atmosphere*
+
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Planetary orbital element centennial rates
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Atmosphere model||align="right" width="30%"|J71G
+
|width="30%"|Semimajor axis (a)||align="right" width="50%"|-0.00000005 AU/Century
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Surface Pressure||align="right" width="30%"|101.3 KPa
+
|width="30%"|Eccentricity (e)||align="right" width="50%"|-0.00003804 Century<sup>-1</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Surface Density||align="right" width="30%"|1.225 kg/m<sup>3</sup>
+
|width="30%"|Inclination (i)||align="right" width="30%"|-46.94 seconds/Century
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Specific gas constant||align="right" width="30%"|286.91 J/(K kg)
+
|width="30%"|Longitude of the ascending node (LAN, ☊)||align="right" width="30%"|-18228.25 seconds/Century
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Specific heat ratio||align="right" width="30%"|1.40
+
|width="30%"|Longitude of periapsis (ϖ)||align="right" width="30%"|1198.28 seconds/Century
 
|-
 
|-
−
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Osculating elements (ecliptic frame)*
+
|width="30%"|Mean longitude (L)||align="right" width="30%"|129597740.63 seconds/Century
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Semi-major axis||align="right" width="30%"|1.4971×10<sup>11</sup> m
+
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Selected physical parameters
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Eccentricity||align="right" width="30%"|0.015958
+
|width="30%"|Mean radius||align="right" width="30%"|6371.01 km
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Inclination||align="right" width="30%"| 0°
+
|width="30%"|Mass||align="right" width="30%"|5.973698968×10<sup>24</sup> kg
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Longitude of ascending node||align="right" width="30%"| 141.13°
+
|width="30%"|Density||align="right" width="30%"|5.515 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Longitude of periapsis||align="right" width="30%"|103.41°
+
|width="30%"|Sidereal rotation period||align="right" width="30%"|23.93447 hours
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Mean Longitude||align="right" width="30%"| 260.75°
+
|width="30%"|Sidereal orbit period||align="right" width="30%"|0.9999786 years
 
|-
 
|-
−
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Ecliptic position from primary*
+
|width="30%"|Magnitude V(1,0)||align="right" width="30%"|-3.86
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|Geometric albedo||align="right" width="30%"|0.65
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|Equatorial gravity||align="right" width="30%"|9.780327 m/s<sup>2</sup>
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|J coefficients||align="right" width="30%"|1082.6269e-6 -2.51e-6 -1.60e-6 -0.15e-6
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|Escape velocity||align="right" width="30%"|11.186 km/s
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|SOI radius||align="right" width="30%"|2.6×10<sup>8</sup> m
 +
|-
 +
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Rotation elements
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|North pole right ascension (α<sub>1</sub>)||align="right" width="30%"|n/a
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|North pole declination (δ<sub>1<sub>)||align="right" width="30%"|90°
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|Obliqutiy of ecliptic||align="right" width="30%"|23.44°
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|Longitude of Sun's transit||align="right" width="30%"|0°
 +
|-
 +
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Atmospheric parameters
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|Surface Pressure||align="right" width="30%"|101.4 kPa
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|Surface Density||align="right" width="30%"|1.217 kg/m<sup>3</sup>
 +
|-
 +
|width="30%"|Scale height||align="right" width="30%"|8.5 km
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Longitude||align="right" width="30%"| 261.444°
+
|width="30%"|Average temperature||align="right" width="30%"|288 K
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Latitude||align="right" width="30%"| 0.003°
+
|width="30%"|Wind speeds||align="right" width="30%"|0-100 m/s
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Radial distance||align="right" width="30%"| 1.519×10<sup>11</sup> m
+
!bgcolor="lightsteelblue" colspan="2"|Ecliptic position from primary*
 
|-
 
|-
−
|width="30%"|Note||align="right" width="30%"|*Elements given are from Orbiter 2016
+
|width="30%"|Note||align="right" width="30%"|*Elements given are from Orbiter.pdf (2016)
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
[[Earth]] is the third planet from the [[Sun]] and is the only body known to have life. It is one of the four 'rocky' planets, the others are [[Mercury]], [[Venus]], and [[Mars]]. The [[Moon]] is the only natural satellite orbiting the earth.  
 
[[Earth]] is the third planet from the [[Sun]] and is the only body known to have life. It is one of the four 'rocky' planets, the others are [[Mercury]], [[Venus]], and [[Mars]]. The [[Moon]] is the only natural satellite orbiting the earth.  
  
−
The earth is modeled in Orbiter as an oblate spheroid, its mean diameter is 6371.01 km, equatorial radius 6378.165 km. The sidereal day is 86164.092 seconds, the obliquity is 23.439291°.
+
The Earth is close to an oblate spheroid, but,  in Orbiter it's modeled as a sphere, its mean diameter is 6371.01 km, but gravitational calculations include the J coefficients given in the table to the right. The sidereal day is 86164.092 seconds, the obliquity is 23.439291°.
 +
 
 +
Earth is one of the twelve original bodies in Orbiter since the earliest known version. Its orbit was defined in the Earth.cfg file in Orbiter 2001 and Orbiter 2002, but was later defined in the Vsop87.dll file beginning with Orbiter 2002-P1.
  
 +
== Orbital characteristics ==
 +
Earth is the third planet from the [[Sun]], after [[Mercury]] and [[Venus]], with a [[Semi-major axis|semimajor axis]] in [[Orbiter]] of about 1.49598×10<sup>11</sup> km, and an orbital [[Eccentricity|eccentricity]] of about 0.0167, and
 +
an [[Inclination|inclination]] of 0.00005° (0.00000087 radian).
  
 +
== Physical characteristics ==
 +
The Earth is modeled in Orbiter as a sphere 6371.01 km in radius with a mass of about 5.974×10<sup>24</sup> kg. The Sidereal rotation period is just under 24 hours. At the surface the acceleration due to [[gravity]] is 9.78 m/s<sup>2</sup, and the [[Escape velocity]]|escape velocity]] is 11.186 km/s.
  
 +
== Geological features ==
 +
In Orbiter 2016, Earth is modeled as a sphere with elevations approximating the elevations on the real Earth, including sea level. Included in the stock version are files for Antartic Stations, Cities, Impact Features Islands, Mountains and volcanos, Tracking Stations, and some miscellaneous features. Files are located in your Orbiter\Config\Earth\Marker directory.
  
 
== Natural satellites ==
 
== Natural satellites ==
Line 82: Line 119:
 
See [[Earth spaceports in Orbiter2016|Listing of ''Earth spaceports in Orbiter2016'']]
 
See [[Earth spaceports in Orbiter2016|Listing of ''Earth spaceports in Orbiter2016'']]
  
 +
== Orbiter versions and add-ons which include Earth ==
 +
{|class="wikitable sortable” style="text-align: center"
 +
|colspan="8"|<center>'''Orbiter versions and add-ons which include Earth'''</center>
 +
|-
 +
!Add-on!!Source!!Version!!Author!!Type!!Release Date!!Compatibility!!Wiki article
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2016-torrent-files.5427/ Orbiter 2016 - torrent files]||O-F Resources||2016||martins||Orbiter Download||23 August 2016||Orbiter 2016||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2016-core-msi-exe-edition.5426/ Orbiter 2016 Core - MSI / EXE edition]||O-F Resources||2016||martins||Orbiter Download||23 August 2016||Orbiter 2016||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2016-core-zip-edition.5425/ Orbiter 2016 Core - ZIP edition]||O-F Resources||2016||martins||Orbiter download||23 August 2016||Orbiter 2016||
 +
|-
 +
|[http://orbit.medphys.ucl.ac.uk/download.html Orbiter core package download]<br>(The actual download page for Orbiter 2016)||Orbiter download page||Orbiter 2016||martins||Orbiter download||23 August 2016||Orbiter 2016||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/celestial-bodies-motion-part-1-4-v2-0-0.132/ Celestial Bodies Motion - Part 1/4 - v2.0.0]||O-F Resources||v2.0.0||cristiapi||Scenery||2 July 2015||*module only||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2010-p1.5428/ Orbiter 2010-P1]||O-F Resources||100830||martins||Orbiter Download||30 August 2010||Orbiter 2010-P1||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2010.5429/ Orbiter 2010]||O-F Resources||100606||martins||Orbiter Download||5 June 2010||Orbiter 2010||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2006-p1.5430/ Orbiter 2006-P1]||O-F Resources||060929||martins||Orbiter Download||29 September 2006||Orbiter 2006-P1||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2006.5431/ Orbiter 2006]||O-F Resources||060504||martins||Orbiter Download||4 May 2006||Orbiter 2006||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/2005-with-p1-patch-files.5432/ 2005 (with P1 patch files)]||O-F Resources||050216||martins||Orbiter Download||16 February 2005||Orbiter 2005||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2003-p2.5433/ Orbiter 2003-P2]||O-F Resources||031217||martins||Orbiter Download||17 December 2003||Orbiter 2003-P2||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2003-p1.5434/ Orbiter 2003-P1]||O-F Resources||031105||martins||Orbiter Download||5 November 2003||Orbiter 2003-P1|
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2002.5436/ Orbiter 2002]||O-F Resources||020419||martins||Orbiter Download||19 April 2002||Orbiter 2002||
 +
|-
 +
|[https://www.orbiter-forum.com/resources/orbiter-2001.5437/ Orbiter 2001]||O-F Resources||010503||martins||Orbiter Download||3 May 2001||Orbiter 2001||
 +
|}
  
 
== See also ==  
 
== See also ==  
 
*[[Spaceport]], a listing of spaceports on the real Earth used to launch rockets and spacecraft.
 
*[[Spaceport]], a listing of spaceports on the real Earth used to launch rockets and spacecraft.
 
*[[Earth spaceports in Orbiter2016]]
 
*[[Earth spaceports in Orbiter2016]]
−
*[[:Category:Add-ons for Earth|Addons for Earth]]
+
*[[:Category:Add-ons for Earth|Category:Addons for Earth]]
 
*[[w:Earth|Earth]] at Wikipedia
 
*[[w:Earth|Earth]] at Wikipedia
  
Line 92: Line 163:
 
[[w:Earth|Earth]] at Wikipedia
 
[[w:Earth|Earth]] at Wikipedia
  
−
[[Category:Celestial bodies]]
+
===Gallery===
 +
<gallery widths="100" heights="100">
 +
EarthOrbiter2001.jpg|<center>Earth in Orbiter 2001</center>
 +
EarthOrbiter2002.jpg|<center>Earth in Orbiter 2002</center>
 +
Earth-orbiter2002p3.jpg|<center>Earth in Orbiter 2002P3</center>
 +
Earth-orbiter2003P2.jpg|<center>Earth in Orbiter 2003P2</center>
 +
Earth-Orbiter2005P1.jpg|<center>Earth in Orbiter 2005P1</center>
 +
Earth-Orbiter2006P1.jpg|<center>Earth in Orbiter 2006P1</center>
 +
Earth-Orbiter2010P1-Orbiter2010P1.jpg|<center>Earth in Orbiter 2010P1</center>
 +
EarthScrshot.jpg|<center>Earth in Orbiter 2016 with D3D9</center>
 +
The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg|<center>The Earth seen from Apollo 17.<br>From Wikimedia Commons.</center>
 +
EpicEarth-Globespin-tilt-23.4.gif|<center>Rotation of the Earth at 23.4°<br>From Wikimedia Commons</center>
 +
</gallery>
  
  
 +
[[Category: Articles]]
 +
[[Category:Celestial bodies]]
 
[[Category:Solar System]]
 
[[Category:Solar System]]
 
[[Category: Planets]]
 
[[Category: Planets]]

Latest revision as of 03:10, 12 November 2024

Earth
EarthScrshot.jpg
Earth in Orbiter 2016 with D3D9
Designation
Name Earth
Reference body Sun
Number of satellites 1
Planetary mean orbits
Epoch J2000 (1 January 2000)
Semimajor axis (a) 1.00000011 AU
(1.495978871×1011 km)
Eccentricity (e) 0.01671022
Inclination (i) 0.00005°
(0.00000087 radian)
Longitude of the ascending node (LAN, ☊) -11.26064°
(-0.1965352 radian)
Longitude of periapsis (ϖ) 102.94719°
(1.796767 radian_
Mean longitude (L) 100.46435°
(1.753434 radian)
Planetary orbital element centennial rates
Semimajor axis (a) -0.00000005 AU/Century
Eccentricity (e) -0.00003804 Century-1
Inclination (i) -46.94 seconds/Century
Longitude of the ascending node (LAN, ☊) -18228.25 seconds/Century
Longitude of periapsis (ϖ) 1198.28 seconds/Century
Mean longitude (L) 129597740.63 seconds/Century
Selected physical parameters
Mean radius 6371.01 km
Mass 5.973698968×1024 kg
Density 5.515 g/cm3
Sidereal rotation period 23.93447 hours
Sidereal orbit period 0.9999786 years
Magnitude V(1,0) -3.86
Geometric albedo 0.65
Equatorial gravity 9.780327 m/s2
J coefficients 1082.6269e-6 -2.51e-6 -1.60e-6 -0.15e-6
Escape velocity 11.186 km/s
SOI radius 2.6×108 m
Rotation elements
North pole right ascension (α1) n/a
North pole declination (δ1) 90°
Obliqutiy of ecliptic 23.44°
Longitude of Sun's transit 0°
Atmospheric parameters
Surface Pressure 101.4 kPa
Surface Density 1.217 kg/m3
Scale height 8.5 km
Average temperature 288 K
Wind speeds 0-100 m/s
Ecliptic position from primary*
Note *Elements given are from Orbiter.pdf (2016)

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and is the only body known to have life. It is one of the four 'rocky' planets, the others are Mercury, Venus, and Mars. The Moon is the only natural satellite orbiting the earth.

The Earth is close to an oblate spheroid, but, in Orbiter it's modeled as a sphere, its mean diameter is 6371.01 km, but gravitational calculations include the J coefficients given in the table to the right. The sidereal day is 86164.092 seconds, the obliquity is 23.439291°.

Earth is one of the twelve original bodies in Orbiter since the earliest known version. Its orbit was defined in the Earth.cfg file in Orbiter 2001 and Orbiter 2002, but was later defined in the Vsop87.dll file beginning with Orbiter 2002-P1.

Orbital characteristics[edit]

Earth is the third planet from the Sun, after Mercury and Venus, with a semimajor axis in Orbiter of about 1.49598×1011 km, and an orbital eccentricity of about 0.0167, and an inclination of 0.00005° (0.00000087 radian).

Physical characteristics[edit]

The Earth is modeled in Orbiter as a sphere 6371.01 km in radius with a mass of about 5.974×1024 kg. The Sidereal rotation period is just under 24 hours. At the surface the acceleration due to gravity is 9.78 m/s2</sup, and the Escape velocity|escape velocity]] is 11.186 km/s.

Geological features[edit]

In Orbiter 2016, Earth is modeled as a sphere with elevations approximating the elevations on the real Earth, including sea level. Included in the stock version are files for Antartic Stations, Cities, Impact Features Islands, Mountains and volcanos, Tracking Stations, and some miscellaneous features. Files are located in your Orbiter\Config\Earth\Marker directory.

Natural satellites[edit]

Spaceports[edit]

The stock Orbiter includes 35 bases, some of which include details such as runways, landing pads, buildings, etc, some only include a marker to depict its location.

See Listing of Earth spaceports in Orbiter2016

Orbiter versions and add-ons which include Earth[edit]

Orbiter versions and add-ons which include Earth
Add-on Source Version Author Type Release Date Compatibility Wiki article
Orbiter 2016 - torrent files O-F Resources 2016 martins Orbiter Download 23 August 2016 Orbiter 2016
Orbiter 2016 Core - MSI / EXE edition O-F Resources 2016 martins Orbiter Download 23 August 2016 Orbiter 2016
Orbiter 2016 Core - ZIP edition O-F Resources 2016 martins Orbiter download 23 August 2016 Orbiter 2016
Orbiter core package download
(The actual download page for Orbiter 2016)		 Orbiter download page Orbiter 2016 martins Orbiter download 23 August 2016 Orbiter 2016
Celestial Bodies Motion - Part 1/4 - v2.0.0 O-F Resources v2.0.0 cristiapi Scenery 2 July 2015 *module only
Orbiter 2010-P1 O-F Resources 100830 martins Orbiter Download 30 August 2010 Orbiter 2010-P1
Orbiter 2010 O-F Resources 100606 martins Orbiter Download 5 June 2010 Orbiter 2010
Orbiter 2006-P1 O-F Resources 060929 martins Orbiter Download 29 September 2006 Orbiter 2006-P1
Orbiter 2006 O-F Resources 060504 martins Orbiter Download 4 May 2006 Orbiter 2006
2005 (with P1 patch files) O-F Resources 050216 martins Orbiter Download 16 February 2005 Orbiter 2005
Orbiter 2003-P2 O-F Resources 031217 martins Orbiter Download 17 December 2003 Orbiter 2003-P2
Orbiter 2003-P1 O-F Resources 031105 martins Orbiter Download 5 November 2003
Orbiter 2002 O-F Resources 020419 martins Orbiter Download 19 April 2002 Orbiter 2002
Orbiter 2001 O-F Resources 010503 martins Orbiter Download 3 May 2001 Orbiter 2001

See also[edit]

External links[edit]

Earth at Wikipedia

Gallery[edit]

  • Earth in Orbiter 2001
  • Earth in Orbiter 2002
  • Earth in Orbiter 2002P3
  • Earth in Orbiter 2003P2
  • Earth in Orbiter 2005P1
  • Earth in Orbiter 2006P1
  • Earth in Orbiter 2010P1
  • Earth in Orbiter 2016 with D3D9
  • The Earth seen from Apollo 17.
    From Wikimedia Commons.
  • Rotation of the Earth at 23.4°
    From Wikimedia Commons


edit The Solar System
Central star

Sun (Sol)

Planets

Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars - Jupiter - Saturn - Uranus - Neptune

Natural satellites

Moon - Phobos - Deimos - Io - Europa - Ganymede - Titan - more...

Add-ons

Planets - Dwarf Planets - Small objects - Natural satellites - Alternative star systems

EarthScrshot.jpg This article, about a planet, is a stub. You can help Orbiterwiki by expanding it.


Retrieved from "https://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Earth&oldid=433734"