Sirius-7K IDS

Command/Signal instrument (CSI)

CSI - a first type of an integrated control panel. It controls guidance systems and subsystems of spacecraft 7K-OK, signalizes executed commands, monitors the state of complex systems. In the IDS Sirius-7K are two CSIs: A left CSI and a right CSI.

Command/Signal matrix (English translation)

		A	Б	B	Г	Д	Е	Ж	И	К	Л	М	Н	П	Р	С	Т
		Backup Radio	Radio D/L	Landing	ECLSS DM	ECLSS OM, PM	Airlock	Docking	Prepare Reentry Guidance	Attitude Control System	Navigation	Program	Propellant Supply System	Back-up System	RTS, RKO KM, SEP		CEI
1	2	Prepare UHF XMTR I	Modulation HF and UHF	АСП	Light I		Guide from DM	Prepare RDZ	Select ДПО	Cancel Mode	Manual Control	Cancel program	RCS tanks	Habitat Systems	RTS, RKO		CEI
3	4	Prepare UHF XMTR II	Back-up UHF antenna	Air supply Valve	Light II	Dryer	Supply interface	Retract Probe (?)	Select ДО	DU		Orbit maneuver	ДО nozzle	Propulsion System	Back-up Antenna I		Air assembly
5	6	UHF RVR Simplex	Dynamic OM	XMTR mode Voice / Recorder	Transfer light		Reduce Press. in OM	Manual docking	Indicator mode	RO	βс	Approach "IE"	Supply ДО	Sealed Enclosure A / B	Antenna II
7	8	UHF RCVR Duplex	Microphone	Transmit	?????? Light Ctrl.	PO Valve	Egress Hatch open	Lateral offset connection	ИД разг.тор	Pulsed RO	γс	Automated deorbit	Pressurize ДО	PTD P gr	Matrix I Off		Fast pitch
9	10	Prepare HF XMTR II		Pyro-String I	Gas analysis	AC OM	Basic press. open	TV Camera A	Pitch forward	IO	αх	Deorbit by RO	Supply ДПО	Television	Matrix II Off		Peroxide ДПО
11	12	Prepare HF XMTR I		Pyro-String II	Dehumidify	Inner Pump	Tank press. open	TV Camera B	Pitch backward	Sun tracking	СКД impulse	Automatic Maneuver	Pressurize ДПО	Power СОУД	VKIP off
13	14	Frequency HF XMTR I	Telegraph	Pyro-String ЗСП	Dryer	Outer Pump I	TV Camera OM	TV scale Fluid/Manual	Visor attitude		Manual input	Maneuver with RO	Engine	Generator setting	Solar battery off

Program control indicator (ИКП)

The program indicator ИКП is designed for the control of the execution of programs, which are given by on-board Program Timing Unit (ПВУ), and permits the cosmonaut to determine:

• The name- and content-controlled program,
• Current time and program execution time for five programs,
• The time of some commands from the remote control,
• Execution command system objects,
• Health of the indicator ИКП.

The task of controlling the execution of the programs by the cosmonaut is to identify possible failures in the systems and the ПВУ and the timely issuance of control commands using the КСУ or special buttons on the control panel. ПВУ failure is failure to issue commands at a specified time. System failure is a failure of a system command, issued by the ПВУ.

A controlled program is a set of commands to be executed by system objects at a certain time and in sequence.

The sequence of commands in the programs and time of their execution are given by the ПВУ. Control of the execution on the indicator ИКП is carried out by a cosmonaut visually.

To do this on the control panel, electroluminescent indicators light up a time line with an index of time frame, the name of the program, the program contents in a list of commands to be performed, with each command bound for minute marks on the scale of the current time line and indices of the executed commands.

Types of information displayed on the ИКП are shown in Fig. 3.1 (mode control ИКП), 3.2 (program "Descent 1"). Other programs are shown in Fig. 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10.

A number of programs is running independently, and the program "Astro-Orientation" only with certain programs. In this case, it may be included in any time within 20 minutes relative to the moment of the beginning of jointly controlled program (before, after or simultaneously). Commands of this program are located in a certain sequence, but are not tied to the time line, for example, their execution time is not monitored.

The program is selected by radio command from Earth, or an astronaut by the КСУ. On the execution of any of the programs the time index starts to move along the scale of the current time line in intervals of 1 minute.

Upon reaching the time frame index-minute mark, which "connects" to any command, the command system will execute the appropriate index of the command. Response to a number of commands is indicated on the control panel by illuminating relevant inscriptions. If the indicator is not illuminated (or not extinguished), the cosmonaut must submit the appropriate command with the КСУ.

The device works in two modes:

• Standby control (ОК),
• Control by selected program (КВП).

While in standby control, it is only possible to do function self-testing of the instrument. On reception of the command "Self-test ИКП", every inscriptions, symbols, and indexes are displayed on the control panel. Simultaneously, the time index moves along the time line starting from zero time until the 85th minute mark. After reaching the last minute mark, the device returns to its original state.

The design of the instrument

Its basis is the structural frame, made of light alloy, of which one side is attached the control panel and on the other to polyurethane foam boards. On these boards are epoxy adhesive attached electrical components, which are also cushioned by the polyurethane foam board. The back cover of the device is made of polyurethane foam board.

The display panel consists of a frame made of light alloy, encasing the glass coated with a layer of electroluminescent phosphor. Glass is the first electrode. The second electrode has the configuration names, indexes, and symbols. Actually, these electrodes are a carrier of information, scheme ИКП - this scheme is controlled by certain sets of electrodes. The space between the electrodes is filled with epoxy resin.

Before the advent of liquid crystal indicators electroluminescent devices such as ИКП were unique not only for their information capabilities, small size, low weight and low power consumption. Thus, the ИКП in the "Sirius-7K" IDS together with the static converter, which is installed separately, consumed in the operating mode 400-600 mA and 420 mA in the self-test mode at a supply voltage of 27 V DC.

The way of displaying information conceived in the ИКП, opens new directions in building a man-machine interface. Here must be paid attention to two things:

• This is a time-programmed automatic control method to provide visual monitoring of program performance and participation rights in the implementation of the defined management programs aimed at achieving the set goals.
• Second, is the way the visual presentation of information in a specified sequential ordering of commands, not bound by time and other kinds of clues.

In essence formats like the ИКП replace astronauts instructions, in which they are forced to work with the absence of such indication. Thus, the ИКП can also be understood as an electronic trainer or support system for operators.

The author, being one of the leading developers of management systems simulator ТДК-7К for the cosmonaut training program "Soyuz-7K" in ЦПК Yuri Gagarin, indicates that the ИКП significantly simplifies the implementation of guidance procedures, and is a useful tool when you use the system in operation.

Introduction of time-programmed control method and controls at the panel is one of the greatest achievements of manned spaceflight. Its application in technical control systems for various purposes has a decisive influence on the organization of human activities in these systems. However for this method of control, though the effectiveness is confirmed by operating experience of the IDS "Sirius" inside simulators and in real flight, will not be widely used in the future.

One of the reasons - high complexity implementing changes introduced into the guidance program in the instrument panel.

When you use computer technology, this complexity is eliminated. Nevertheless, time-programmed display methods not received their development and for creating a fifth generation IDS - IDS ПКА "Soyuz-TMA" spacecraft, for example, more than 30 years after the introduction of IDS Sirius-7K. The main reason of this paradoxical phenomenon is a kind of peculiar to the Russian manned space flight, the attitude of the parent company in the field of manned space flight to the role of astronauts aboard a manned object and the inability of the system, for example in the face of institutes of the Academy of Sciences, to change this situation.

Thus, the ИКП - the first multi-mode device, which together with the КСУ, for the first time in the practice of creating ergonomic systems was implemented as time-programmed control method and process control. These principles, according to the author, based on the results of original research and studies of the Soviet scientist G.V. Koreneva, are fundamental to the future management systems.

Electroluminescent Signal Indicator

Radiation in DM	Undocking	Low pressure in DM	Air composition
ССВП Mode	Back-up Parachute	Launcher Malfunction	Temperature sensor triggered
	Back-up battery		Depressurization of СТР
Ballistic Descent	Low Voltage	Guidance on roll	Hatch OM-DM open
КСУ lock removed	Fasten seat belts	Input axis	Landing
Uplink	Transmitter ДРК on	Gyroscopes uncaged
Radio session		ДПО nozzle	Attitude
ССВП Mode		Capture
Bad port docked	ДО nozzle		СКДУ activated

Acronyms

АСП

Automatic landing program

БДУС

Rate gyroscope assembly system

БКИД

Ion flow sensor control system

БС

Stabilization system (for ДКД back-up engine)

ДКД

Back-up engine

ДО

10N attitude control vernier thrusters.

ДПО

100N attitude control and maneuvering thrusters.

ЗСП

Reserve parachute

ИД

Ion flow sensor

ИКВ

Инфракрасный Вертикали, Infrared vertical sensor

ИКП

Program control indicator

КСУ

Command/Signal Unit

КЛП

Logic switching unit

КПЛ

Command receiver

ПВУ

Program timing device

ПК

Control panel

СД

Sun sensor

СКД

Main engine

СОУД

Attitude and motion control system

ССВП

Docking and internal transfer system

СТР

Active thermal control system

References

• Системы отображения информации типа "Сириус" космических аппаратов "Союз-7К","Союз-А8","Союз-М",станций "ДОС-17К"
• Анализ и синтез подсистем СОИ ПКА