Difference between revisions of "List of Acronyms and Abbreviations"
(Added terms.) |
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;AOA: Angle of attack, the difference between the ship's direction of travel and the pitch of its nose | ;AOA: Angle of attack, the difference between the ship's direction of travel and the pitch of its nose | ||
#Used in [[Surface MFD]] to indicate the angle of attack | #Used in [[Surface MFD]] to indicate the angle of attack | ||
− | ;AORP:'''A'''utonomous '''O'''rbiter '''R'''apid '''P'''rototype, a system to allow a [[STS|shuttle]] orbiter to land without | + | ;AORP:'''A'''utonomous '''O'''rbiter '''R'''apid '''P'''rototype, a system to allow a [[STS|shuttle]] orbiter to land without crew. |
;AP: Used in [[Surface MFD]], a red rectangle with white "AP" in the altitude tape to indicate the altitude of the ship's apoapsis | ;AP: Used in [[Surface MFD]], a red rectangle with white "AP" in the altitude tape to indicate the altitude of the ship's apoapsis | ||
;ApA:[[apoapsis]] apoapsis altitude, the lowest altitude of an orbit, displayed in [[Orbit MFD]]. | ;ApA:[[apoapsis]] apoapsis altitude, the lowest altitude of an orbit, displayed in [[Orbit MFD]]. | ||
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;CTRL:Control | ;CTRL:Control | ||
;CTV: | ;CTV: | ||
− | #'''C'''rew '''T'''ransfer '''V'''ehicle, a manned spacecraft derived from the [[ATV]], see | + | #'''C'''rew '''T'''ransfer '''V'''ehicle, a manned spacecraft derived from the [[ATV]], see CTV |
#'''C'''ompatibility '''T'''est '''V'''an, '''NASA''' | #'''C'''ompatibility '''T'''est '''V'''an, '''NASA''' | ||
;CUR: Command button in [[RCS attitude MFD]] to set the programmed attitude to the current attitude | ;CUR: Command button in [[RCS attitude MFD]] to set the programmed attitude to the current attitude |
Revision as of 13:20, 22 December 2024
This list contains definitions for Orbiter or important spaceflight acronyms or abbreviations, especially those appearing in MFDs and various HUD modes.
One entry in this list consists of a term with one or more definitions, like:
- Term
- Definition
;Term:Definition
Don't use links in the term part of a entry, please do so in the definition part, for keeping a consistent look-and-feel and don't putting to much emphasis on a single definition.
Terms without definitions will get moved to the talk page into the section "Wanted definitions". If you have multiple definitions for a term, the definition part should turn into a numbered list, like:
- Term
- Definition 1
- Definition 2
- Definition 3
;Term: #Definition 1 #Definition 2 #Definition 3
The order of the definitions should be like that:
- Orbiter HUD definitions
- Orbiter MFD definitions
- General Orbiter definitions
- Orbiter Add-on definitions
- General spaceflight definitions
If you don't agree to a ordering of definitions, please complain in the talk page about the entry.
See also
Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
A
- ACC
- Acceleration, used in Surface MFD to indicate increasing or decereasing horizontal speed of the ship in m/s2
- ACT
- Activate, command button in RCS attitude MFD in docking mode to activate the programmed orientation to the target dock
- AgP
- Argument of periapsis:The angle in the orbit from the point of the ascending node to the point of periapsis, displayed in Orbit MFD
- ALT or Alt
- altitude, distance from the body surface
- Used in Orbit MFD when Alt mode is selected to indicate distance from the surface of the body
- Used in Surface MFD to indicate altitude in km from the body surface
- AN
- ascending node:a vector in an orbit where the body passes from south to north of the plane of reference (i.e. ecliptic or equatorial). Shown in Align MFD and Orbit MFD as a dotted vector line connecting to a solid square on the orbit.
- AOA
- Angle of attack, the difference between the ship's direction of travel and the pitch of its nose
- Used in Surface MFD to indicate the angle of attack
- AORP
- Autonomous Orbiter Rapid Prototype, a system to allow a shuttle orbiter to land without crew.
- AP
- Used in Surface MFD, a red rectangle with white "AP" in the altitude tape to indicate the altitude of the ship's apoapsis
- ApA
- apoapsis apoapsis altitude, the lowest altitude of an orbit, displayed in Orbit MFD.
- ApD
- apoapsis apoapsis distance
- ApR
- apoapsis apoapsis radius, displayed in Orbit MFD
- ApT
- time to apoapsis in seconds, displayed in Orbit MFD
- AR
- Automatic Reference, used in Align MFD, Orbit MFD as a command button for Align to select a reference body automatically based on highest gravity
- Altitude Range, used to manually set the range in the altitude graph in Ascent profile MFD
- acceptance review
- atmo
- atmosphere
- ATM DATA
- Atmospheric data in Surface MFD readouts
- ATV
- AU
- astronomical unit
- AX
- Axis, command button in RCS attitude MFD to change the selected axis beetween pitch/yaw/roll
B
- BAS
- Basemode, command button to select programmed attitude (prograde, orbit normal, perpendicular in, radial down) in RCS attitude MFD
- BMW
- Bate, Mueller, White - authors of Fundamentals of Astrodynamics (1971)
- BRG
- Bearing, used in the Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD to indicate the compass direction of the ILS or VOR transmitter
C
- CaLV
- Cargo launch vehicle, see Ares V
- CDI
- course deviation indicator, the yellow arrow in the Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD
- CDR
- commander
- critical design review
- CEV
- Crew expedition vehicle, see CEV
- CFD
- computational fluid dynamics
- CFG
- command button in RCS attitude MFD to switch to configuration page
- CLV
- Crew launch vehicle, see Ares I
- CNC
- Cancel, used in RCS attitude MFD in the docking mode to cancel the docking mode program
- COAS
- Crew Optical Alignment Sight
- COM
- communication or communicator
- CRS
- Course, indicates the ship's course (heading) in the Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD
- CTD
- crash to desktop
- CTRL
- Control
- CTV
- Crew Transfer Vehicle, a manned spacecraft derived from the ATV, see CTV
- Compatibility Test Van, NASA
- CUR
- Command button in RCS attitude MFD to set the programmed attitude to the current attitude
- CVEL
- closing velocity
- Common Vessel Extensions Light, see CVEL
D
- D3D9
- refers to the advanced graphics client in Orbiter
- Da
- Deviation, displayed in RCS attitude MFD to indicate how many degrees the ship has to go in Roll to reach programmed attitude
- DCK
- command button in RCS attitude MFD to set the MFD into Docking mode
- DDT&E
- design, development, test and evaluation
- DEV
- Deviation, in the Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD, it indicates how far the OBS is adjusted left or right of the radial
- DG
- Delta-glider
- DG4
- Orbiter's stock DG
- DGIII
- DeltagliderIII, a famous enhanced version of the Delta-glider.
- DGIV
- DeltaGliderIV, an improved version of the DeltaGliderIII.
- DG-S
- Delta-glider equiped with two scramjets.
- Dir
- direction
- Dist
- distance
- Displayed in Sync MFD, distance ship to target
- DIV
- divergent, i.e. yaw gimbal mode.
- DLng
- difference in longitude between ship and target, displayed in Sync MFD
- DN
- Down, used in Map MFD when Tracking mode is off and map zoomed in to scroll the map down so you can see farther South
- Command button in RCS attitude MFD to change the selected modification up so you can edit it
- descending node
- DNP
- dynamic pressure, given in Pa
- Displayed in Surface MFD to indicate atmospheric pressure
- DNS
- atmospheric density, given in kg m-3, symbol ρ
- displayed in Surface MFD
- DPS
- Data Processing System. Term describing the general purpose computers and their interfaces onboard various manned spacecraft
- Dr
- Deviation, displayed in RCS attitude MFD to indicate how many degrees until the ship reaches pitch and yaw alignment with the programmed attitude
- DSP
- Display, used in Map MFD to switch between Ground Track Display and Orbital Plane Display
- DST or Dst
- Distance (to target), used in the Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD to indicate distance to the selected ILS or VOR transmitter
- Distance, used in Orbit MFD to select between Rad, ApR, PeR (distance from body center) and Alt, ApA, PeA (distance from body surface)
- DTe
- time to ejection, displayed in Transfer MFD
- DTi
- time to intercept, displayed in Transfer MFD
- DTmin
- time of arrival difference
- Displayed in Sync MFD to indicate difference in time between ship and target passing the intersection point
- Dv
- delta velocity, command button in Transfer MFD to increase or decrease the delta-v of the HTO; see also Delta-V
E
- Ecc
- eccentricity of orbit, displayed in Orbit MFD
- ECL
- plane of the ecliptic
- ECLSS
- Environmental control and life support system
- ECSS
- european cooperation for space standardization
- EELV
- Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle
- EJ+ and EJ-
- Command buttons in Transfer MFD to increase or decrease the longitude of orbit ejection
- ELS
- ELements, custom Select, used in Align MFD to select a custom orbital elements to which to align
- END
- command button in RCS attitude MFD to stop the programmed attitude mode
- EQU
- plane of the equator
- EQU POS
- Equatorial position, given as longitude and latitude
- Displayed in Surface MFD given as position and rate of change
- ESA
- European Space Agency
- ESAS
- Exploration Systems Architecture Study
- ET
- external tank
- EVA
- Extra vehicular activity, see EVA
F
- FGB
- Russian abbreviation for Functional Cargo Block. See FGB
- FoV
- field of view, as seen in the general information display
- FPS
- frame rate (frames per second), as seen in the general information display
- FRF
- Flight Readiness Firing, a launch countdown test of the Shuttle running all except SRB ignition and lift-off.
- FRM
- Frame of reference, used in Orbit MFD to change the orbital display and parameters between Equatorial or Ecliptic
G
- G or g
- used in Orbit MFD, indicates what fraction of gravity is exerted on the ship by the reference body (0 to 1)
- unit of acceleration. 1g equals the gravity acceleration on earths surface, 9.81 m/s²
- GET
- Ground Elapsed Time [2]
- GL
- Used often as vehicle name prefix for a Delta-glider
- GLOC
- Gravity-induced Loss of Consciousness
- GMT
- Greenwich Mean Time.See Universal Time on Wikipedia
- GO
- Go, command button in RCS attitude MFD, once the desired orientation and modifications are set, to activate the program
- GPDS
- Generic Payload Description System
- GPS
- Global Positioning System
- GS
- Ground speed
- Command button in Surface MFD to set the speed tape to GS
H
- H
- Horizon
- HAC
- Heading Alignment Cone
- HLLV
- heavy lift launch vehicle
- HSI
- horizontal situation indicator
- HST
- Hubble Space Telescope
- HTO
- hypothetical transfer orbit, command button in Transfer MFD to display HTO parameters
- HUD
- heads up display, used in Docking MFD, Orbit MFD, Surface MFD to copy the current parameters to the HUD
I
- IAS
- indicated air speed Indicated airspeed
- Command button in Surface MFD to set the speed tape to IAS
- IDS
- instrument docking system, used in Docking MFD
- ILS
- Instrument Landing System
- also used in Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD to indicate which runway at which Spaceport is selected by the NAV system
- International launch services, a US-russian joint venture marketing Atlas and Proton launches
- Inc
- Inclination, angular difference between one orbit with respect to another, usually the ecliptic, equatorial, body orbit, or target orbit, displayed in Align MFD, Orbit MFD
- INV
- Inverse, command button in RCS attitude MFD to change the programmed attitude to the inverse (retrograde, orbit antinormal, perpendicular out, radial up)
- ISP
- specific impulse
- ISS
- International Space Station
J
- JD
- Julian date
- JSC
- Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center
- JWST
- James Webb Space Telescope
K
- KISS
- "Keep it simple, stupid!" Famous engineering dogma.[3]
- KSC
- Kennedy Space Center
L
- LAN
- Longitude of the ascending node, used in Align MFD, Orbit MFD
- local-area network
- LCC
- launch control center
- life cycle cost
- LDEF
- Long Duration Exposure Facility
- LEN
- List Length
- Command button in Sync MFD to select number of orbits to display (lines 0-18)
- LEO
- Low earth orbit
- LH2
- Liquid Hydrogen
- LOCV
- Loss of crew and vehicle
- LOX
- Liquid Oxygen
- LPe
- longitude of periapsis, displayed in Orbit MFD
- L/R
- Left/Right, used in Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD to switch MFD mode focus to the left or right graphic display
M
- m
- metre
- M
- Mega (SI prefix for 106).
- Mass, given in kg
- mach number or multiples of speed of sound in a given medium
- Used in Surface MFD ship's speed is given in mach number as well as m/s
- MCC
- mid course correction
- mission control center
- MCC-H
- mission control center Houston
- MCC-M
- mission control center Moscow
- MDR
- mission definition review
- MECO
- main engine cutoff
- MET
- Mission Elapsed Time. See Mission Elapsed Time on Wikipedia.
- MFD
- Multifunctional Display, see MFD
- MHz
- MegaHerz, same as the old term megacycles/second, radio and transponder frequency, used in COMNAV MFD
- MJD
- modified julian date
- MLP
- Mobile Launcher Platform
- MMOD
- Micrometeorites and orbital debris
- MMU
- manned maneuvering unit, see MMU
- MnA
- mean anomaly, displayed in Orbit MFD
- MnL
- mean longitude, displayed in Orbit MFD
- MOD
- used in Orbit MFD and Sync MFD to cycle the display between parameters only, orbital display only, or both
- m/s
- meters per second, the SI base unit of velocity
- MSx
- Mission Specialist x
N
- NAV
- Navigatonal receiver,
- in COMNAV MFD it is used to identify up to four receivers in the stack
- in Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD, it is used to select which receiver an HSI display is tuned to
- in RCS attitude MFD command button in Docking mode to slave one of the Nav receivers to this MFD
- navigation
- navigation aid
- NT
- No target, used in Orbit MFD and Transfer MFD to deselect the target
- NUM
- Comand button in Transfer MFD to select the number of steps to use in the HTO calculation
O
- OAT
- outside air temperature, displayed in Surface MFD given in Kelvins (K)
- Ob
- Obliquity of ecliptic (tilt of axis of rotation against plane of ecliptic)
- Orbit, displayed in Sync MFD indicates how many orbits remaining until rendezvous
- OB+ and OB-
- OmniBearing, used to change the offset of the course arrow to left or right of the beam
- OBS
- omni bearing selector, the yellow arrow in the Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD
- OBT
- orbit, displayed in Orbit MFD
- OMBUU
- Orbiter Midbody Umbilical Unit
- OMP
- Orbiter Multiplayer Project, an ongoing program to create a multiplayer server in Orbiter, see OMP.
- OMS
- Orbital Maneuvering System, the 'main engines' of the space shuttle orbiter
- OS
- Orbital speed
- Command button in Surface MFD to set the speed tape to OS
P
- P
- position (sometimes radius) vector, displayed in the Align MFD
- p0
- atmospheric pressure at sea level
- PAM
- Payload Assist Module, a family of solid upper stages for the Space Shuttle
- PAPI
- Precision Approach Path Indicators, lit runway centerline.
- PB
- Shuttle PB
- PDR
- preliminary design review
- PDRS
- Payload Deployment and Retrieval System, the official name of the robot arm of the Space Shuttle
- PeA
- periapsis altitude. Altitude of periapsis above the surface of the orbited body, used in Orbit MFD
- PeD
- periapsis distance. See PeR.
- PeR
- periapsis radius. Distance of periapsis from the center of the orbited body, used in Orbit MFD
- PeT
- time to periapsis in seconds, displayed in Orbit MFD
- PG
- Page, switching displayed pages in an MFD mode, used in Align MFD and Ascent profile MFD
- prograde
- PLT
- Pilot
- PMI
- Principal moments of inertia, see PMI
- Pos
- position
- PRJ
- Projection, used in the Orbit MFD to switch orbital display between Ecliptic, Equatorial, Ship's orbit, Target orbit
- PRR
- preliminary requirements review
- PSx
- Payload Specialist x
Q
- QR
- qualification review
R
- R
- mean radius
- specific gas constant
- +R and -R
- Command buttons in RCS attitude MFD (R+) to add a line (pitch, yaw, roll) to the programmed attitude, or R- to remove the last line
- Command buttons in Sync MFD to rotate intersection points
- r0
- atmospheric density at sea level
- Rad
- Displayed in Orbit MFD when Radius mode is selected to indicate distance from the center of the body in meters
- radial distance
- angular unit radians
- RAnm
- true anomaly of reference axis, displayed in Sync MFD
- Rate
- How fast the current orbital plane is changing, degrees per second, used in Align MFD
- RCS
- reaction control system, spacebourne orientation rocket system.
- R&D
- research and development
- RDT&E
- research, development, testing and evaluation
- REF
- Reference
- used in Align MFD, Map MFD, Orbit MFD and Transfer MFD to select a reference body.
- Ref: Reference displayed in Sync MFD to switch Reference axis
- RG
- retrograde
- RInc
- relative inclination, relative inclination between the ship and target orbits, used in Align MFD, Sync MFD, and Transfer MFD
- RKA
- Russian Space Agency
- RMS
- Remote Manipulator System
- RS
- Russian-side, used as prefix for orientation when describing ISS components.
- RSLS
- Redundant set launch sequencer, the computer systems responsible for the ignition of the SSMEs in the Space Shuttle orbiter.
- RTFM
- Read the fine (or many other f-words) manual, a typical forum answer for questions already answered extensivly in the manual.
- RTLS
- Return to launch site, a Space Shuttle abort mode.
- RTN
- Return, command button in RCS attitude MFD to return the display to the Active mode page
- RVel
- relative velocity
- Displayed in Sync MFD, Relative speed between ship and target
S
- SAR
- Search and rescue.
- Syntetic aperture radar, a radar mode used for creating navigation maps or detect slowly moving ground vehicles.
- S/C
- spacecraft
- SC< and SC>
- SCan frequency up or down in the currently selected receiver, used in COMNAV MFD
- SDK
- Software Development Kit [4]
- SDHLV
- Shuttle Derived Heavy Launch Vehicle, see Ares V
- SDLV
- Shuttle Derived Launch Vehicle, see Ares
- SECO
- Secondary Engine Cutoff
- Sustainer Engine Cutoff
- SET
- Set, used in RCS attitude MFD to set the desired attitude
- SHP
- Ship, used in Map MFD to indicate your ship's name, position, altitude, course of your ship
- Sim
- simulation time (in seconds), as seen in the general information display
- a common abbreviation for "simulator"
- Sh-ToR
- ship's time on reference, displayed in Sync MFD to indicate the number of seconds until the ship crosses the reference axis
- SI unit
- The metric system of measurement, the modern name, see SI unit
- SL+ and SL-
- Select, change which receiver to next or previous receiver to adjust frequency, used in COMNAV MFD
- SLF
- shuttle landing facility, see Cape Canaveral
- SMa
- semi-major axis, used in Orbit MFD
- SMi
- semi-minor axis, used in Orbit MFD
- SRB
- Solid Rocket Booster [5]
- SRC
- Source, command button in Transfer MFD to select the source body or vessel
- SRTM
- Shuttle radar topography mission, see SRTM.
- SSME
- Space Shuttle Main Engines [6]
- SSTO
- Single Stage to Orbit
- STOVL
- Short take-off, vertical landing. As performed by the DG on full fuel employing hover thrusters during takeoff.
- STP
- static pressure, given in Pa
- Displayed in Surface MFD to indicate atmospheric pressure
- Stp
- Command button in Transfer MFD to select the number of calculation steps to be used in the HTO calculation
- STS
- space transportation system, AKA space shuttle, see space transportation system
- SUS
- command button in RCS attitude MFD to suspend programmed attitude temporarily
T
- T
- Orbit period, measured in seconds, displayed in Orbit MFD
- Displayed in Transfer MFD to indicate the estimated time elapsed in the HTO calculations
- TAEM
- Terminal Area Energy Management
- TAS
- true air speed True airspeed
- Command button in Surface MFD to set the speed tape to TAS
- TEI
- Trans Earth Injection[7]
- TGT
- TarGeT
- command button used in Align MFD, Docking MFD, Map MFD, Orbit MFD, Sync MFD, and Transfer MFD to select a target
- used in the Map MFD display to indicate target name, position, altitude of the target
- Tg-ToR
- Target's's time on reference, displayed in Sync MFD to indicate the number of seconds until the target crosses the reference axis
- TKS
- russian spacecraft for the Almaz program, see TKS
- TLA
- Three letter acronym for a three letter acronym.
- TLE
- two-line elements
- TLe
- eject longitude, displayed in Transfer MFD
- TLi
- intercept longitude, displayed in Transfer MFD
- TLI
- Trans Lunar Injection
- Tn
- Time to node, used in Align MFD
- TOFS
- tangential offset Docking MFD
- ToR
- time on reference axis, displayed in Sync MFD to indicate number of seconds until ship or target passes the intersection point
- TrA
- true anomaly, displayed in Orbit MFD
- TRK
- Track, used in Map MFD to keep the ship centered in the map display
- TrL
- true longitude, displayed in Orbit MFD and Transfer MFD
- TRL
- technology readiness level
- Ts
- length of siderial day
- TthA
- Estimated thrust time at the ascending node to align planes, used in Align MFD
- TthD
- Estimated thrust time at the descending node to align planes, used in Align MFD
- TVEL
- tangential velocity
U
- UMMU
- Universal manned maneuvering unit, popular add-on, see Universal MMU.
- UNKS
- unknown problems, you are aware of.
- UNK-UNKS
- unknown problems, you are not aware of.
- UP
- UP, used in Map MFD when Track mode is off and map is zoomed in to scroll the map up to see farther North
- Command button in RCS attitude MFD to change the selected modification up so you can edit it
- UPD
- Command button in Transfer MFD to restart the HTO calculation
- UT
- universal time, GMT. Not to be confused with UTC (Universial Time Co-ordinated). The latter is based on atomic clocks not astronomy, hence the occasional leap-second to correct UTC to GMT.
V
- +V and -V
- Used in RCS attitude MFD to add or subtract one degree each click the programmed attitude mode
- VACC
- Vertical acceleration, used in Surface MFD how fast rate of ascent or descent is increasing or decreasing in m/s2
- VASI
- Visual Approach Slope Indicator, the glideslope lighting system ajacent to runways to guide pilots onto the correct angle of glideslope (normally 3 degrees).
- VC
- virtual cockpit
- Visual C++, an IDE and C++ compiler by Microsoft.
- very high frequency omnidirectional radio
- used in the Horizontal Situation Indicator MFD to indicate which VOR transmitter is selected by a NAV radio, if it's selected to a VOR transmitter
- VRR
- Velocity Radial Range, used to manually set the range in the Radial Velocity graph in Ascent profile MFD
- VS
- vertical speed
- Used in Surface MFD to indicate rate of ascent or descent in meters per second
- VSA
- Virtual Space Agency
- VSI
- Vertical Speed Indicator, used in Surface MFD, the VS tape reading rate of ascent or descent, in m/s
- VTOL
- Vertical Take Off and Landing
- VTR
- Velocity Tangential Range, used to manually set the range in the Tangential Velocity Range graph in Ascent profile MFD
W
- WBS
- work breakdown structure
- WPD
- work package description
- Wrp
- time acceleration factor, seen in the general information display
X
- XPDR
- transponder, used in Docking MFD
Y
- YSC
- Yokohama Science Center
Z
- ZM+ and ZM-
- zoom,used in Map MFD to zoom the map display in and out
Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z